常春藤解析英語 54 The Warm, Green Place Called Iceland 生機(jī)盎然的冰島
The Warm, Green Place Called Iceland 生機(jī)盎然的冰島
by Kevin Lustig
In the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, explorers from Norway discovered two islands. The larger one was covered in ice. _(1)_, while icy in the middle, was green and fertile on the coast. Oddly enough, the one with the ice became known as Greenland, while the greener one was called Iceland. _(2)_ its unfriendly name, this beautiful island of only 100,000 square kilometers has drawn explorers, tourists, and immigrants throughout its history.
Iceland was originally settled around 874 by Viking explorers. They founded Reykjavik, the city that is still the nation's capital. Scandinavian monarchies then _(3)_ Iceland until it became an independent country in 1944. Over the years, more settlers, mostly from Northern Europe and Ireland, have added to Iceland's _(4)_, which reached about 311,000 in 2007.
Iceland is one of the globe's most geologically active regions. As a result, Iceland is able to provide most of its own energy from geothermal power, _(5)_ hydropower from its waterfalls and rivers. With the addition of hydrogen technology, it is Iceland's goal to provide all of its own energy from domestic, renewable resources by 2050. If this goal is _(6)_, Iceland will become the world's first developed country that is able to do this.
From its unique power sources to its fertile grasslands, Iceland has made the most of its tiny landmass. Though _(7)_ from the nearest land by almost 300 kilometers of ocean, it has managed to thrive. With its new plan for energy independence already set in motion, Iceland should have a bright, prosperous future to match its past.
1. (A) The other (B) Another (C) The one (D) One another
2. (A) Regarding (B) Judging from (C) Despite (D) According to
3. (A) turned down (B) went after (C) took over (D) ran into
4. (A) pollution (B) population (C) prosperity (D) prescription
5. (A) but also (B) as well (C) except for (D) along with
6. (A) achieved (B) applied (C) affected (D) adopted
7. (A) isolates (B) isolating (C) isolated (D) to isolate
原來如此
1. The other, while icy in the middle, was green and fertile on the coast.
理由:
a. (A) one...the other... 一個……另一個……(限定的二者)
例: There are two boys in that family. One is very wild; the other is quiet.
(那個家庭有兩個男孩。其中一個很野;另一個則很文靜。)
(B) one...another... 一個……另一個……(非限定的二者)
例: One way to cook dumplings is to boil them. Another is to fry them.
(用水煮餃子是一種方式;還有一種則是油煎。)
(C) the one...the other... 前者……后者……
= the former...the latter...
(D) one another 彼此
b. 空格前說探險家發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩座島，根據(jù)上述用法，可知應(yīng)選 (A)。
2. Despite its unfriendly name, this beautiful island of only 100,000 square kilometers has drawn explorers, tourists, and immigrants throughout its history.
理由:
a. (A) regarding + N/V-ing 關(guān)于……
= concerning + N/V-ing
例: Regarding the new plan, let's discuss it again at next week's meeting.
(關(guān)于新計劃，我們在下周的會議再討論。)
(B) judging from + N/V-ing 從……看來
例: Judging from your reaction, you don't like this dish very much.
(從你的反應(yīng)看來，你不是很喜歡這道菜。)
(C) despite + N/V-ing 盡管∕雖然……
= in spite of + N/V-ing
例: Despite his efforts, he was unable to finish his homework on time.
(盡管他很努力，還是無法準(zhǔn)時寫完作業(yè)。)
(D) according to... 根據(jù)……
b. 根據(jù)語意，可知應(yīng)選 (C)。
3. Scandinavian monarchies then took over Iceland until it became an independent country in 1944.
理由:
a. (A) turn down... 拒絕……
(B) go after... 追趕……;追求……
例: Jamie's dog ran out of the house, so she had to go after him.
(潔咪的狗跑出屋外，所以她必須追出去。)
(C) take over... 接管∕接掌……
例: Chris is planning to take over his father's company.
(克里斯計劃接管父親的公司。)
(D) run into... (偶然)碰見……
= bump into...
例: I ran into an old friend on my way to the market.
(我上市場的途中巧遇一位老友。)
b. 根據(jù)語意，可知應(yīng)選 (C)。
4. ..., more settlers, mostly from Northern Europe and Ireland, have added to Iceland's population, which reached about 311,000 in 2007.
理由:
a. (A) pollution n. 污染
(B) population n. 人口
(C) prosperity n. 興旺，繁榮
(D) prescription n. 處方，藥方
b. 根據(jù)語意，可知應(yīng)選 (B)。
5. As a result, Iceland is able to provide most of its own energy from geothermal power, along with hydropower from its waterfalls and rivers.
理由:
a. (A) but also 通常與 not only 并用，形成下列用法：
not only...but also... 不僅……而且……
= not only...but...as well
例: The food here is not only delicious but also inexpensive.
(這里的食物不僅美味，價格也不貴。)
(B) ..., as well 也……
(C) except for... 除了……之外
例: Everyone except for Tim went on the trip.
(除了提姆以外，所有人都參加了這趟旅行。)
(D) along with... 連同……(一起)
例: Jenny, along with her boyfriend, enjoys stinky tofu.
(珍妮和她男友都喜歡吃臭豆腐。)
b. 根據(jù)語意、用法，可知應(yīng)選 (D)。
6. If this goal is achieved, Iceland will become the world's first developed country that is able to do this.
理由:
a. (A) achieve vt. 完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)
achieve one's goal 實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的目標(biāo)
= accomplish one's goal
= attain one's goal
例: You can achieve your goals if you work hard and stay focused.
(只要努力和專心，你就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。)
(B) apply vt. 運(yùn)用
apply A to B 把 A 運(yùn)用在 B 上
例: Scientists are trying to apply solar technology to automobiles.
(科學(xué)家正設(shè)法將太陽能科技運(yùn)用在汽車上。)
(C) affect vt. 影響
(D) adopt vt. 采取;收養(yǎng)
b. 空格前有名詞 goal(目標(biāo))，故根據(jù)語意，可知應(yīng)選 (A)。
7. Though isolated from the nearest land by almost 300 km of ocean, it has managed to thrive.
理由:
a. 空格前為副詞連接詞 Though，之后則無主詞和動詞，可知此為副詞子句化簡為副詞詞組之句構(gòu)。
b. 空格后為介詞詞組 from the nearest land(距離最近的陸地)，得知應(yīng)置入一及物動詞的過去分詞。由此可知，本空格應(yīng)選 (C) isolated。
c. 本句解析如下：
Though it is isolated from the nearest land by almost 300 km of ocean, it has...
→ Though isolated from the nearest land by almost 300 km of ocean, it has...
d. isolate vt. 使孤立;隔離
be isolated from... 與……隔絕∕隔離
例: The prisoners were completely isolated from the world.
(這些囚犯與外界完全隔絕。)
精解字詞詞組
1. be covered in/with... 為……所覆蓋
例: I was covered in bruises after falling down the stairs.
(我從樓梯跌下來后，全身是瘀青。)
2. Oddly enough, S + V 說也奇怪，……
= It is odd + that 子句
例: Oddly enough, my teacher told us all to practice writing English backwards.
(說來奇怪，老師叫我們?nèi)嫉怪鴮懹⑽摹?
3. settle vt. 殖民于;定居于 & vi. 定居，安頓
settle down 安頓下來，安定下來
例: Rachel would like to settle down in the mountains.
(瑞秋想在山中定居下來。)
4. add to... 增加∕增添……
例: The new lamps really add to the dcor of this room.
(新的燈具確實(shí)增添了這房間的美感。)
5. make the most of... 善加利用……
= make the best use of...
= take full advantage of...
例: You won't get another chance like this, so make the most of it.
(同樣的機(jī)會不會再有第二次，所以你得好好善用這個良機(jī)。)
6. thrive vi. 繁榮，興盛
例: Our nation's economy was doing poorly two years ago, but now it's thriving.
(我們國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)兩年前很差，但現(xiàn)在正蓬勃發(fā)展。)
7. set...in motion 使……開始(動起來)
例: With five minutes left in the game, we set our secret plan in motion.
(當(dāng)比賽只剩五分鐘時，我們開始使出秘密戰(zhàn)術(shù)。)
單字小鋪
1. Atlantic Ocean n. 大西洋(與定冠詞 the 并用)
2. icy a. 被冰覆蓋的;冰冷的
3. fertile a. 肥沃的
4. unfriendly a. 不利的;不友善的
5. immigrant n.(自外地移入的)移民
emigrant n.(移居他國的)移民
6. originally adv. 起初，原先
7. monarchy n. 君主國
8. independent a. 獨(dú)立的
9. geologically adv. 地質(zhì)學(xué)上地
10. geothermal a. 地?zé)岬?/p>
11. hydropower n. 水力發(fā)電
12. addition n. 增加，增強(qiáng)
13. hydrogen n. 氫
14. renewable resources丗丗可再生的能源
renewable a. 可再生的
15. developed country丗丗已開發(fā)國家
16. landmass n. 大陸，地塊
17. independence n. 獨(dú)立
18. prosperous a. 富足的，繁榮的
詞組小鋪
1. As a result, S + V 結(jié)果，……
2. manage to V 設(shè)法做……
中文翻譯&標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案
在北大西洋中央，挪威探險家發(fā)現(xiàn)兩座島。面積較大的島為冰雪所覆蓋，另一座島的中央雖覆蓋著冰雪，沿岸卻綠意盎然、土地肥沃。奇怪的是，被雪覆蓋的島叫做『格陵蘭』(Greenland)，而植物較多的島卻稱為『冰島』(Iceland)。盡管名字聽起來冷冰冰，這個面積僅十萬平方公里的美麗島國從古至今一直吸引著探險家、游客和移民前來。
公元 874 年左右，維京探險家最早定居冰島。他們建立了雷克亞維克，至今仍是冰島的首府。而后斯堪地那維亞王國接管該島，直到 1944 年始成為獨(dú)立國家。過去幾年來，愈來愈多人移居至此，大多來自北歐和愛爾蘭，大大增加了冰島的人口，2007 年時，總?cè)丝谝呀蝗f一千人。
冰島是全球地質(zhì)活動最活躍的區(qū)域之一。因此，該國能從地?zé)峒捌俨?、河流所產(chǎn)生的水力發(fā)電供應(yīng)本身大部分的能源?，F(xiàn)在更加入了氫能源科技，冰島可望在 2050 年，完成所有能源均能自給自足且永續(xù)使用的目標(biāo)。如果能達(dá)成這個目標(biāo)，冰島將是世界上第一個能做到的已開發(fā)國家。
從其獨(dú)特的能源到肥沃的草原，冰島充分利用其狹小的陸地。雖然離最近的大陸至少相隔三百公里的海洋，冰島卻能欣欣向榮。有了正在進(jìn)行的能源自足新計劃，冰島的未來應(yīng)該會和過去一樣光明燦爛。
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案: 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (C)
