常春藤解析英語(yǔ) 85 Sleeping the Day Away 睡美人的哀愁

Sleeping the Day Away 睡美人的哀愁

by David Archdall

For some people, a good night's sleep is never enough.

對(duì)有些人而言，只有一場(chǎng)好覺(jué)永遠(yuǎn)嫌不夠。

Imagine regularly waking up after sleeping for more than ten hours and feeling as if you could sleep for another ten. You force yourself out of bed, drink a lot of strong coffee, exercise, and make your way to work. _(1)_ Welcome to the world of hypersomnia (嗜睡癥), where too much sleep is never enough.

Hypersomnia is a sleep disorder. The word means excessive (hyper) sleep (somnia). People with hypersomnia become so tired during the day that they have to nap no matter what they are doing at the time, whether it be talking, working, or eating. _(2)_

Hypersomnia is not the only condition that makes people feel tired. There are several other disorders related to a tiredness which no amount of coffee can combat. Narcolepsy (猝睡癥) is a particularly notorious sleep disorder which is also characterized by excessive daytime sleep. _(3)_ Chronic fatigue syndrome (慢性疲勞癥候群), on the other hand, is not a sleep disorder per se, but it has the effect of making the sufferer feel incredibly tired, physically and mentally. And of course, there is insomnia. _(4)_

Hypersomnia is considered a mental disorder and only affects around 5% of the population. _(5)_ But it can be serious. In extreme cases of hypersomnia, people have been reported to sleep up to 18 hours a day, and they may have difficulty with normal social relations. At present, there is no effective treatment for hypersomnia.

(A) What's worse, when they wake up, they do not feel refreshed.

(B) Because it is relatively uncommon, few people are aware of it.

(C) Insomnia is defined as an inability to sleep, and can result in a very tired state during normal waking hours.

(D) Unfortunately, you end up napping uncontrollably at work, unable to finish the work piling up in front of you.

(E) However, a person suffering from narcolepsy will feel refreshed after taking a nap, unlike a hypersomniac who constantly feels tired.

原來(lái)如此

1. 第一題空格應(yīng)選 (D)

理由:

a. 空格前提到，你逼自己起床，灌下大量濃咖啡，做運(yùn)動(dòng)，然后出發(fā)上班(make your way to work)。

b. (D) 選項(xiàng)提到，你在上班時(shí)(at work)無(wú)法克制地打起盹，沒(méi)辦法完成眼前堆積如山的工作，語(yǔ)意連貫，且兩句均有關(guān)鍵詞 work，故 (D) 為正選。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a. end up + V-ing　　結(jié)果……，到頭來(lái)……

例: Tim ended up eating the whole cake by himself.

(結(jié)果提姆一個(gè)人把整個(gè)蛋糕吃光光。)

b. nap vi. & n. 打盹，小睡

take a nap　　小睡片刻

c. uncontrollably adv. 無(wú)法控制地

d. pile up　　堆積，累積

例: My work has really piled up over the last few days.

(我的工作在過(guò)去幾天快速累積。)

2. 第二題空格應(yīng)選 (A)

理由:

a. 空格前提到，嗜睡癥的患者在白天時(shí)會(huì)變得相當(dāng)疲憊，不管他們當(dāng)時(shí)是在說(shuō)話、工作或是吃東西，都必須停下來(lái)小睡片刻(nap)。

b. (A) 選項(xiàng)提到，更糟的是，當(dāng)睡醒后(wake up)他們并不會(huì)因此覺(jué)得精神抖擻，與空格前一句形成關(guān)聯(lián)，故為正選。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a. What's worse, S + V　　更糟的是，……

例: He was stupid. What's worse, he was lazy.

(他很蠢。更糟的是，他很懶惰。)

b. refreshed a. 神清氣爽的

3. 第三題空格應(yīng)選 (E)

理由:

a. 空格前提到，猝睡癥(Narcolepsy)的特性就是在白天睡覺(jué)的情形會(huì)超乎一般(excessive daytime sleep)。

b. (E) 選項(xiàng)提到，與嗜睡癥患者不同的是，猝睡癥患者(a person suffering from narcolepsy)在小睡后(after taking a nap)會(huì)恢復(fù)精神，而嗜睡癥患者則總是覺(jué)得很疲倦。narcolepsy(猝睡癥)為關(guān)鍵詞，且 nap(小睡)與空格前的 sleep(睡眠)形成關(guān)聯(lián)，故為正選。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a. suffer from...　　罹患……(疾病)

例: Lucy often suffers from stomachaches.

(露西時(shí)常鬧胃痛。)

b. narcolepsy n. 猝睡癥

c. hypersomniac n. 嗜睡癥患者

4. 第四題空格應(yīng)選 (C)

理由:

a. 空格前提到，當(dāng)然還包括失眠癥(insomnia)。

b. (C) 選項(xiàng)提到，失眠癥(Insomnia)的定義就是沒(méi)辦法入睡，因而造成平日白天清醒時(shí)極度疲倦，語(yǔ)意連貫，故選之。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a. insomnia n. 失眠癥

b. be defined as...　　定義為……

例: A guitar is defined as a six-stringed musical instrument.

(吉他的定義為一種 6 根弦的樂(lè)器。)

c. inability n. 無(wú)能，不能

d. result in...　　導(dǎo)致……

例: Reckless driving often results in accidents.

(粗心駕駛往往會(huì)造成意外。)

5. 第五題空格應(yīng)選 (B)

理由:

a. 空格前提到，嗜睡癥(Hypersomnia)僅影響約百分之五的人口(affect around 5% of the population)。

b. (B) 選項(xiàng)提到，因嗜睡癥相當(dāng)罕見(rare)，所以鮮少有人知道它(it)，此處的 it 指的就是 hypersomnia(嗜睡癥)。而因嗜睡癥僅影響約百分之五的人口，可知這種癥狀相當(dāng)罕見，兩句中的 around 5% of the population 與 rare 前后呼應(yīng)，故 (B) 為正選。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a. relatively adv. 相對(duì)地;相當(dāng)

b. be aware of...　　知道……;察覺(jué)……

例: Al got into trouble because he wasn't aware of the office rule.

(艾爾因不曉得公司規(guī)定而惹上麻煩。)

難句分析

* ..., whether it be talking, working, or eating.

= ..., whether it should be talking, working, or eating.

(不管他們是在說(shuō)話、工作或是吃東西，……。)

精解字詞詞組

1. no matter what　　不管∕無(wú)論什么

= whatever

例: No matter what happens, I'll never stop loving you.

(不論發(fā)生什么事，我都不會(huì)停止愛(ài)你。)

2. be related to...　　與……有關(guān)

例: The police suspected that the crime was related to drug abuse.

(警方懷疑這起犯罪案件和毒品濫用有關(guān)。)

3. combat vi. & vt.(與……)戰(zhàn)斗，對(duì)抗

例: I've decided to combat laziness.

(我已決定要對(duì)抗懶惰。)

4. characterize vt. 具有……的特征;描繪……的特性

例: Would you characterize him as selfish?

(你會(huì)認(rèn)為自私是他的特性嗎?)

5. on the other hand　　另一方面

例: I think we should call a press conference. On the other hand, I have no desire to attend the meeting.

(我想我們應(yīng)該召開記者會(huì)。但另一方面，我又不想?yún)⒓訒?huì)議。)

6. have difficulty with...　　對(duì)……有困難

have difficulty + V-ing　　(做)……有困難

例: I have difficulty with the usage of this word.

= I have difficulty using this word.

(我不知道該如何使用這個(gè)字。)

7. effective a. 有效的

efficient a. 效率高的

例: Aspirin is very effective in helping stroke victims.

(阿司匹林對(duì)幫助中風(fēng)患者非常有效。)

例: The boss likes Mary because she is an efficient worker.

(老板很喜歡瑪莉，因?yàn)樗且幻苡行实膯T工。)

單字小鋪

1. regularly adv. 定期地;有規(guī)律地

2. hypersomnia n. 嗜睡癥

3. disorder n. 失調(diào)

4. excessive a. 過(guò)度的

5. hyper a. 過(guò)度的;過(guò)分的

6. tiredness n. 疲倦，倦怠

7. notorious a. 惡名昭彰的，聲名狼藉的

8. chronic a. 慢性的;長(zhǎng)期的

9. fatigue n. 疲勞，勞累

10. syndrome n. 癥狀

11. per se adv. 本身，本質(zhì)上

12. incredibly adv. 非常地;難以置信地

13. treatment n. 治療(法)

詞組小鋪

1. force oneself out of bed　　某人強(qiáng)迫自己起床

2. up to...　　多達(dá)……(通常與數(shù)字并用)

3. at present　　目前

想象你經(jīng)常睡超過(guò) 10 小時(shí)，醒來(lái)后卻覺(jué)得還可以再睡上 10 個(gè)小時(shí)。你逼自己起床，灌下大量濃咖啡，做運(yùn)動(dòng)，然后出發(fā)去上班。不幸的是，你在上班時(shí)忍不住打起盹，沒(méi)辦法完成眼前堆積如山的工作。歡迎來(lái)到嗜睡癥的世界，在這里你永遠(yuǎn)嫌睡不夠。

嗜睡癥(hypersomnia)是一種睡眠失調(diào)癥狀。英文字面的意思就是過(guò)度的(hyper)睡眠(somnia)。嗜睡癥的患者在白天時(shí)會(huì)變得非常疲憊，不管他們是在說(shuō)話、工作或是吃東西，都必須停下來(lái)小睡片刻。更糟的是，醒來(lái)后他們并不會(huì)覺(jué)得精神抖擻。

嗜睡癥不是唯一會(huì)讓人感覺(jué)疲憊的癥狀。還有許多失調(diào)癥狀都會(huì)造成疲倦，無(wú)論喝下多少咖啡都無(wú)法趕走瞌睡蟲。猝睡癥尤其惡名昭彰，這種睡眠失調(diào)的特性就是白天睡覺(jué)的情形超乎一般。然而，與嗜睡癥患者不同的是，猝睡癥患者在小睡過(guò)后會(huì)恢復(fù)精神，而嗜睡癥患者則總是覺(jué)得很疲倦。慢性疲勞癥候群就本身而言并非睡眠失調(diào)，但它會(huì)使患者在生理和心里上都感到非常疲倦。當(dāng)然還包括失眠癥。失眠癥的定義就是沒(méi)辦法入睡，因而造成平日白天清醒時(shí)極度疲倦。

嗜睡癥被視為是一種心理失調(diào)，但僅影響大約百分之五的人口。也因?yàn)橄喈?dāng)罕見，所以鮮少有人知道它。但這種癥狀可能會(huì)相當(dāng)嚴(yán)重。極端的嗜睡癥病例中，曾有紀(jì)錄顯示患者一天能睡上 18 個(gè)小時(shí)，因而無(wú)法擁有正常的人際關(guān)系。就目前來(lái)說(shuō)，尚未出現(xiàn)有效治療嗜睡癥的方法。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案: 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (E) 4. (C) 5. (B)