常春藤解析英語 93 Shyness, or Something More? 不只是害臊？

Shyness, or Something More? 不只是害臊?

by Kevin Lustig

Social phobia can make being with others a nightmare.

社交恐懼癥讓身處人群成為一種惡夢。

You enter a crowded classroom. People seem to be staring at you. You hear laughter from a group of students in the corner. _(1)_ Instantly, your heart starts to pound, and you desperately want to hide.

If this experience is familiar to you, you may have social anxiety disorder. _(2)_ For people who experience these feelings, it can be almost impossible to enjoy talking to others, being with friends, or even simply going out in public.

Social phobia has many forms, from fear of speaking in public to feeling uncomfortable in groups. It can cause unpleasant physical symptoms like sweating, blushing, difficulty breathing, and feeling sick. There are several explanations for why people have social phobia. It can be passed down genetically from parents to children. _(3)_ The experience might leave the victim with a terrible fear of ending up in a similar situation again.

Luckily for those who have social phobia, the condition is treatable. _(4)_ Meditation and relaxation exercises can also help. Most importantly, there are techniques that can help to cure it altogether. One of the most common methods is experiencing the uncomfortable social situations a little bit at a time with the help of a psychologist. _(5)_

For some, social phobia stands in the way of a lot of enjoyment that most people take for granted. However, with the right treatment, social situations can be fun and enjoyable for everyone.

(A) Also known as social phobia, social anxiety disorder is a condition that causes individuals to become anxious when they have to interact with other people.

(B) This method has been proven to help those with social anxiety disorder to confront and understand their fear.

(C) Social phobia can also develop because someone has been badly embarrassed in front of others.

(D) For one thing, there are drugs that help control the symptoms.

(E) Are they laughing at you?

原來如此

1. 第一題空格應(yīng)選 (E)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子提到，你聽到角落里一群學(xué)生的嬉笑聲(laughter from a group of students)。

b. (E) 選項的句子中則提出疑問：他們是在嘲笑你嗎(laughing at you)，語意連貫，且兩句中的關(guān)鍵詞 laughter 及 laughing 亦相互呼應(yīng)，故選之。

大補丸:

laugh at...　　嘲笑……

例: Everybody laughed at me when I told them that I'd been abducted by aliens.

(當(dāng)我告訴別人我曾遭外星人綁架時，每個人都嘲笑我。)

2. 第二題空格應(yīng)選 (A)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子表示，如果你對上述經(jīng)驗感到再熟悉不過，你可能患了社交焦慮癥(social anxiety disorder)。

b. 選項 (A) 的句子接著說，社交焦慮癥(social anxiety disorder)又稱為社交恐懼癥(social phobia)，是一種與他人互動時會產(chǎn)生焦慮的病癥，進一步解釋了社交焦慮癥，語意連貫，故選之。

大補丸:

a. phobia n. 恐懼癥

social phobia　　社交恐懼癥

b. anxiety n. 焦慮，緊張

c.disorder n. 失調(diào);不適

d.individual n. 個人

e.anxious a. 焦慮的

be anxious about...　　對……感到焦慮∕緊張

例: Julie is anxious about the interview tomorrow.

(茱莉?qū)γ魈斓拿嬖嚫械骄o張。)

f. interact with...　　與……互動

interact vi. 互動

例: Sociologists study how people interact with each other.

(社會學(xué)家研究人與人之間如何互動。)

3. 第三題空格應(yīng)選 (C)

理由:

a. 空格前的兩個句子提到，人們?yōu)楹螘猩缃豢謶职Y的原因有幾種解釋(explanations)，有可能是父母經(jīng)由基因遺傳給下一代，而空格前一句中的 it 指的就是 social phobia(社交恐懼癥)。

b. 選項 (C) 的句子接著提出造成社交恐懼癥(social phobia)的其它原因，有可能是因為患者曾在眾人面前嚴(yán)重出糗導(dǎo)致的后果，語意連貫，故選之。

大補丸:

embarrassed a. 感到尷尬∕困窘的

embarrassing a. 令人難為情的

例: Jane was embarrassed by her friend's rudeness at the party.

(珍對她朋友在派對上的粗魯行為感到很難為情。)

例: My most embarrassing experience was getting up on stage and forgetting my lines.

(我最尷尬的經(jīng)驗是上臺時忘了臺詞。)

4. 第四題空格應(yīng)選 (D)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子提到，幸好社交恐懼癥是有辦法醫(yī)治的(the condition is treatable)。

b. 選項 (D) 接著說其中之一是透過藥物幫助控制這些癥狀(help control the symptoms)，語意連貫，其中 condition (疾病)和 symptoms (癥狀)形成關(guān)聯(lián)，故選之。

大補丸:

a. for one thing　　首先;其一

例: I never eat fish. For one thing, I can't stand the smell.

(我從來不吃魚，原因之一是我受不了魚腥味。)

b. symptom n. 癥狀

5. 第五題空格應(yīng)選 (B)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子提到，其中最常見的一種方法(one of the most common methods)是在心理學(xué)家的協(xié)助下，一點一點地體驗?zāi)切钊烁械讲蛔栽诘纳缃粓龊稀?/p>

b. (B) 選項接著說，這種方法(this method)經(jīng)證實能幫助患有社交焦慮癥的人面對及了解他們的恐懼，語意連貫，且兩句中均有關(guān)鍵詞 method (方法)，故選之。

大補丸:

confront vt. 對抗，克服

例: The rookie fireman confronted his fears and entered the burning building.

(那個新手消防員克服自己的恐懼，進入著火的建筑物里。)

精解字詞詞組

1. instantly adv. 立即，馬上

= immediatel adv.

例: The pharmaceutical company is famous for its product that instantly relieves headaches.

(該藥廠以其能立即消除頭痛的產(chǎn)品而聞名。)

2. desperately adv. 極度地，拼命地

例: The spider's prey was trying desperately to escape the web.

(這只蜘蛛的獵物拼命想逃離蜘蛛網(wǎng)。)

3. B be familiar to A　　A 熟悉 B

= A be familiar with B

例: Is this picture familiar to you?

= Are you familiar with this picture?

(你對這幅圖畫熟悉嗎?)

4. be passed down from...　　從……傳下來

例: The design of this lace was passed down from early French settlers.

(這種蕾絲設(shè)計是法國早期移民留傳下來的。)

5. end up + 介詞詞組∕現(xiàn)在分詞　　到頭來∕最后……

例: The thief ended up in prison.

(那個小偷最后進了監(jiān)獄。)

例: The gambler ended up losing everything.

(那個賭徒到頭來輸?shù)靡磺簟?

6. altogether adv. 完全地(= completely);一共(= in total)

例: This new car is altogether different from the old one.

(這輛新車和舊的那一輛完全不同。)

例: There are 300 people altogether in the stadium.

(體育場里總共有 300 個人。)

7. stand in the way　　妨礙，阻擋

例: Nothing can stand in the way of Kevin's dreams.

(沒有什么能阻擋凱文追求夢想。)

8. take...for granted　　將……視為理所當(dāng)然

例: Don't ever take your health for granted. Be thankful for it.

(別把你健康的身體視為理所當(dāng)然，要心存感激。)

單字小鋪

1. shyness n. 害臊，膽怯

2. pound vi. 心臟劇跳

3. uncomfortable a. 不自在的

4. unpleasant a. 不愉快的

5. blush vi.(因害羞、尷尬而)臉紅

6. genetically adv. 基因方面地

7. treatable a. 可治療的

8. meditation n. 冥想

9. relaxation n. 放松

10. technique n. 技巧，技法

11. psychologist n. 心理學(xué)家

12. enjoyment n. 樂趣

13. enjoyable a. 有樂趣的

詞組小鋪

1. stare at...　　盯著……

2. in the corner　　在(室內(nèi)的)角落里

on the corner　　在(室外的)角落里

3. in public　　公開地;當(dāng)眾

in private 　私底下

4. at a time　　一次

中文翻譯&標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案

你走進擁擠的教室。大家好像都在盯著你看。你聽到角落里一群學(xué)生的嬉笑聲。他們是在嘲笑你嗎?你的心跳立即加速，恨不得躲起來。

如果你對上述經(jīng)驗感到再熟悉不過，你可能患了社交焦慮癥。社交焦慮癥又稱為社交恐懼癥，是一種與他人互動時會產(chǎn)生焦慮的病癥。患有這種癥狀的人幾乎不可能愉快地與他人交談、和朋友相聚或甚至無法到公共場合。

社交恐懼癥有很多種形式，從害怕在眾人面前發(fā)表言論，到身處人群中會感到不自在都屬于社交恐懼癥。此種病癥會引發(fā)生理不適的癥狀，像是流汗、臉紅、呼吸困難以及感到惡心想吐。人們?yōu)楹螘猩缃豢謶职Y的原因有幾種解釋。有可能是父母經(jīng)由基因遺傳給下一代。也有可能是因為患者曾在眾人面前嚴(yán)重出糗，而此經(jīng)驗也許導(dǎo)致患者極度懼怕再度面對類似的情況。

幸好社交恐懼癥是有辦法醫(yī)治的。其中之一是透過藥物幫助控制這些癥狀。冥想和紓緩運動也有助于治療。更重要的是，還有一些技巧療法有助于完全治愈。其中最常見的一種方法是在心理學(xué)家的協(xié)助下，一點一點地體驗?zāi)切┝钊烁械讲蛔栽诘纳缃粓龊?。這種方法經(jīng)證實能幫助患有社交焦慮癥的人面對及了解他們的恐懼。

對有些人來說，社交恐懼癥阻礙他們獲得大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的樂趣。不過，藉由正確的治療，社交活動對每個人都可以是有趣而愉快的。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案: 1. (E)　2. (A)　3. (C)　4. (D)　5. (B)