一周熱詞榜（8.13-19）

quantum satellite

請(qǐng)看例句：

The first batch of data from the world's first quantum satellite "Micius" was received by Chinese scientists, the Chinese Academy of Sciences said Thursday.

中國(guó)科學(xué)院18日表示，我國(guó)科學(xué)家已成功接收世界首顆量子衛(wèi)星"墨子號(hào)"傳回的首批數(shù)據(jù)。

據(jù)中科院(the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS)介紹，17日11時(shí)56分24秒，中科院遙感與數(shù)字地球研究所(the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth)所屬中國(guó)遙感衛(wèi)星地面站(the China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Station)密云站在第23圈次成功跟蹤、接收到量子衛(wèi)星(quantum satellite)"墨子號(hào)"首軌數(shù)據(jù)，并將所接收的衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)(satellite data)實(shí)時(shí)傳送至中科院國(guó)家空間科學(xué)中心(be transferred to the National Space Science Center under the CAS)。"墨子號(hào)"首軌任務(wù)時(shí)長(zhǎng)約7分鐘，接收數(shù)據(jù)量(the amount of data received)約202MB。經(jīng)驗(yàn)證，衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量良好(be in good quality)。除了密云站，中國(guó)遙感衛(wèi)星地面站的喀什站和三亞站也將負(fù)責(zé)跟蹤、接收"墨子號(hào)"傳回的數(shù)據(jù)(track and receive data from "Micius")。

16日1時(shí)40分，我國(guó)在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心(Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center)用長(zhǎng)征二號(hào)丁運(yùn)載火箭(carrier rocket)成功將世界首顆量子衛(wèi)星"墨子號(hào)"發(fā)射升空，向建造幾乎不可破解的天基量子通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)(space-based quantum communications network)邁出了第一步。量子衛(wèi)星的真正身份仍然是通信衛(wèi)星(communications satellite)，唯一不同的是，它靠量子來傳遞信息，可以向外發(fā)射量子。這顆重631公斤的衛(wèi)星以我國(guó)古代哲學(xué)家、科學(xué)家墨子命名(be named after the ancient Chinese philosopher and scientist Micius)，墨子被譽(yù)為歷史上進(jìn)行光學(xué)試驗(yàn)的第一人(the first person in history to conduct optical experiments)。

"墨子號(hào)"將在距地球表面500公里的高空運(yùn)行(operate 500 km above the Earth's surface)至少兩年時(shí)間。在此期間，"墨子號(hào)"將進(jìn)行四大實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)：星地高速量子密鑰分發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)(experiment on high-speed quantum key distribution from space to earth)、廣域量子通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)驗(yàn)(wide-area quantum communications network experiment)、星地量子糾纏分發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)(experiment on distribution of quantum entanglement from space to earth)、地星量子隱形傳態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)(experiment on quantum teleportation from earth to space)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

遙感衛(wèi)星 remote-sensing satellite

北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng) Beidou navigation system

對(duì)地觀測(cè)衛(wèi)星 Earth observation satellite

光學(xué)成像衛(wèi)星 optical imaging satellite

地球同步軌道 geosynchronous orbit

高分辨率 high resolution

監(jiān)測(cè)精度 monitoring precision

2. 深港通

Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect

請(qǐng)看例句：

"Preparation for the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect has been generally completed and the State Council has approved the implementation plan for the program," Premier Li Keqiang said on Tuesday at a State Council executive meeting.

李克強(qiáng)總理16日在國(guó)務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議上表示，深港通相關(guān)準(zhǔn)備工作已基本就緒，國(guó)務(wù)院已批準(zhǔn)深港通實(shí)施方案。

深港通是深港股票市場(chǎng)交易互聯(lián)互通機(jī)制的簡(jiǎn)稱，指深圳證券交易所(Shenzhen Stock Exchange)和香港聯(lián)合交易所有限公司(The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Ltd)建立技術(shù)連接，使內(nèi)地和香港投資者(mainland and Hong Kong investors)可以通過當(dāng)?shù)刈C券公司或經(jīng)紀(jì)商(local security firms or brokers)買賣規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的對(duì)方交易所上市的股票，包括深股通以及深港通下的港股通兩部分，對(duì)應(yīng)的英文表達(dá)是Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect。深圳證券交易所擁有1800家上市公司(listed companies)，總市值(combined market capitalization)達(dá)3.2萬億美元。

根據(jù)中國(guó)證監(jiān)會(huì)(the China Securities Regulatory Commission)與香港證監(jiān)會(huì)(the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission)共同簽署的深港通《聯(lián)合公告》，深港通不再設(shè)總交易額度限制(overall trading quota)。深港通每日額度(daily quota)與滬港通現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致(be the same as that under Shanghai-HK Stock Connect)，即北向每日額度130億元人民幣，南向每日額度105億元人民幣。雙方可根據(jù)實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)情況(in light of actual operational performance)對(duì)投資額度(investment quota)進(jìn)行調(diào)整。此前實(shí)行的滬港通5500億元的總額度也取消。

深港通開通后，內(nèi)地與香港之間的股票市場(chǎng)交易互聯(lián)互通機(jī)制將包括滬股通、滬港通下的港股通、深股通、深港通下的港股通四個(gè)部分。深股通的股票范圍是市值(market value)60億元人民幣及以上的深證成份指數(shù)和深證中小創(chuàng)新指數(shù)的成份股(constituent stocks of the Shenzhen Component Index and Shenzhen Small/Mid Cap Innovation Index)以及深圳證券交易所上市的A+H股公司(Shenzhen-listed companies with both A and H shares)股票。深港通下的港股通的股票范圍(the scope of eligible shares/stocks)是恒生綜合大型股指數(shù)的成份股、恒生綜合中型股指數(shù)的成份股(constituent stocks of the Hang Seng Composite LargeCap Index and Hang Seng Composite MidCap Index)、市值50億元港幣及以上的恒生綜合小型股指數(shù)(the Hang Seng Composite SmallCap Index)的成份股以及香港聯(lián)合交易所上市的A+H股公司股票。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

互聯(lián)互通機(jī)制 connectivity mechanism

資本市場(chǎng) capital market

證券投資基金 security investment fund

信息披露 information disclosure

拋售 sell-off

做空 short-selling

做多 going-long

3. 規(guī)范房地產(chǎn)中介

regulate real estate agencies

請(qǐng)看例句：

Chinese authorities have unveiled guidelines to further regulate real estate agencies, which have become a major source of customer complaints due to misleading information.

國(guó)內(nèi)有關(guān)部門近日出臺(tái)了關(guān)于進(jìn)一步規(guī)范房地產(chǎn)中介的意見，房產(chǎn)中介因發(fā)布誤導(dǎo)性信息而成為消費(fèi)者投訴的主要對(duì)象之一。

16日，住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部(the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development)、國(guó)家發(fā)改委(the National Development and Reform Commission)、工信部(the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)、中國(guó)人民銀行(the People's Bank of China)、國(guó)家稅務(wù)總局(the State Administration of Taxation)、國(guó)家工商總局(the State Administration for Industry and Commerce)、中國(guó)銀監(jiān)會(huì)(the China Banking Regulatory Commission)七部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)房地產(chǎn)中介管理促進(jìn)行業(yè)健康發(fā)展的意見》。

針對(duì)當(dāng)前部分中介機(jī)構(gòu)和從業(yè)人員(real estate agencies and agents)發(fā)布虛假房源(advertize false housing information)、隱瞞房屋存在抵押等信息、強(qiáng)制代辦收費(fèi)等問題，意見要求各地中介機(jī)構(gòu)全面實(shí)行房源信息核驗(yàn)(housing information verification)制度，中介機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)編制房屋狀況說明書(housing condition statement)，標(biāo)明房源核驗(yàn)情況、房地產(chǎn)中介服務(wù)編號(hào)、房屋坐落(location)、面積(floor space)、產(chǎn)權(quán)狀況(condition of property rights)、掛牌價(jià)格(list price)、物業(yè)服務(wù)費(fèi)(property management fees)、房屋圖片等。對(duì)已出售或出租的房屋(houses that are sold or rented out)，中介機(jī)構(gòu)要在房屋買賣或租賃合同(rental contract)簽訂之日起2個(gè)工作日內(nèi)，將房源信息撤除(remove the information)。中介機(jī)構(gòu)不得為不符合交易條件的保障性住房(indemnificatory housing)和禁止交易的房屋提供中介服務(wù)，各地要全面實(shí)行交易合同網(wǎng)上簽約，防止"一房?jī)少u"。

針對(duì)越來越多的中介機(jī)構(gòu)與金融機(jī)構(gòu)建立業(yè)務(wù)合作關(guān)系(establish business partnership with financial institutions)，意見要求中介機(jī)構(gòu)提供住房貸款(housing loans)代辦服務(wù)的，應(yīng)由委托人自主選擇金融機(jī)構(gòu)，不得將金融服務(wù)與其他服務(wù)捆綁(be bundled with other services)。此外，意見還明確要求，各地應(yīng)盡快推行中介從業(yè)人員實(shí)名制(real-name system);應(yīng)建立多部門聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制，建立嚴(yán)重失信主體"黑名單"制度(establish a blacklist of those who have seriously damaged their credibility)，對(duì)嚴(yán)重失信的機(jī)構(gòu)和從業(yè)人員，聯(lián)合實(shí)施市場(chǎng)和行業(yè)禁入措施。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

去庫(kù)存 destock/reduce housing inventories

房屋限購(gòu) home buying restrictions

潛在買家 prospective buyer

兇宅 unlucky abode

首付 down payment

按揭利率 mortgage rate

4. 奧運(yùn)資格遭取消

be disqualified from the Olympics

請(qǐng)看例句：

Chinese swimmer Chen Xinyi was disqualified from the Olympic Games for having failed doping tests, the Court of Arbitration for Sport said on Thursday.

國(guó)際體育仲裁法庭18日表示，中國(guó)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員陳欣怡因未通過興奮劑檢查而被取消奧運(yùn)會(huì)參賽資格。

18日，中國(guó)體育代表團(tuán)(the Chinese sports delegation)正式收到國(guó)際體育仲裁法庭(the Court of Arbitration for Sport)關(guān)于我國(guó)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員陳欣怡興奮劑陽(yáng)性(positive doping test)的處罰決定，正式確認(rèn)陳欣怡7日里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)賽內(nèi)興奮劑檢查(doping test during the Rio Games)氫氯噻嗪陽(yáng)性(a positive result for hydrochlorothiazide)為興奮劑違規(guī)(anti-doping rule violation)，并給予運(yùn)動(dòng)員取消里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)資格(be disqualified from the Rio Olympic Games)的處罰。中國(guó)游泳協(xié)會(huì)(the Chinese Swimming Association)尊重國(guó)際體育仲裁法庭做出的判罰決定，并將對(duì)陳欣怡興奮劑陽(yáng)性事件展開徹底調(diào)查(launch a thorough investigation )和依法依規(guī)(in accordance with laws and regulations)作出處理。國(guó)際體育仲裁法庭還表示，里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)之后的處罰將交由國(guó)際泳聯(lián)決定(it is up to the International Swimming Federation to decide on the athlete's punishments following the Rio Games)。

7日，陳欣怡在女子100米蝶泳決賽中名列第四(finish fourth in the women's 100m butterfly final)。被查出A瓶氫氯噻嗪陽(yáng)性后，陳欣怡自愿接受暫時(shí)禁賽(accept a provisional suspension)，并向國(guó)際奧委會(huì)提交了B瓶檢測(cè)和召開聽證會(huì)的申請(qǐng)(apply to the International Olympic Committee for testing of sample B and a hearing to look into the matter)。氫氯噻嗪屬于掩蔽劑(masking agent)、利尿劑(diuretic)，可以用于減肥(can be used for weight loss)，在興奮劑檢查中可以通過稀釋尿液，從而遮蔽其他違禁藥品(cover up the presence of other prohibited drugs by diluting one's urine in doping tests)。年僅18歲的陳欣怡是中國(guó)游泳隊(duì)的新星(a rising star in the Chinese swimming team)。在去年的喀山游泳世錦賽上(at the 2015 World Aquatics Championship in Kazan)，她代表中國(guó)隊(duì)參加了女子4x100米混合泳接力(women's 4x100m medley relay)預(yù)賽。2014年仁川亞運(yùn)會(huì)上，她曾獲得50米自由泳、100米蝶泳兩塊金牌(win gold at the 2014 Incheon Asian Games in the 50m freestyle, 100m butterfly)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

提高比賽成績(jī)的藥品 performance-enhancing drugs

反興奮劑工作 anti-doping campaign

興奮劑丑聞 doping scandal

興奮劑違規(guī)禁賽 doping ban

違禁藥品 banned/prohibited substances

5. 單獨(dú)重賽

re-race alone, solo re-run

請(qǐng)看例句：

China unfortunately lost the chance to enter the women's 4x100m final at Rio Olympics after the US successfully appealed its chance to re-race alone on Thursday morning local time.

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間18日上午，美國(guó)隊(duì)通過申訴成功獲得單獨(dú)重賽的機(jī)會(huì)后，中國(guó)隊(duì)無緣里約奧運(yùn)女子4x100米決賽。

在里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)田徑女子4x100接力預(yù)賽(women's 4x100m relay prelims)中，美國(guó)隊(duì)二棒費(fèi)利克斯在第二次交接時(shí)掉棒(bungled the second baton exchange)，導(dǎo)致成績(jī)無效。賽后，美國(guó)隊(duì)申訴要求重跑(team USA petitioned for a re-run)，費(fèi)利克斯稱，她與隊(duì)友準(zhǔn)備交接棒時(shí)，旁邊一位巴西選手的肘部碰到了她(a Brazilian sprinter elbowed her as she was making a baton pass to her teammate)。

慢鏡頭回放顯示，巴西選手準(zhǔn)備接棒時(shí)已經(jīng)處于其賽道邊緣(the edge of her lane)，她甩出的胳膊肘撞到了費(fèi)利克斯的胳膊(she swung an elbow out that hit Felix in the arm)。賽會(huì)由此認(rèn)定美國(guó)隊(duì)的申訴有效，國(guó)際田聯(lián)(International Association of Athletics Federations, IAAF)允許美國(guó)隊(duì)在當(dāng)日晚上7點(diǎn)單獨(dú)重賽(re-run alone)。美國(guó)隊(duì)單獨(dú)重跑成績(jī)?yōu)?1秒77，將原先以42秒70的成績(jī)排在決賽名單最后一位的中國(guó)隊(duì)擠掉(send China out of the original finalists among which its result of 42.70 seconds was placed last)，晉級(jí)決賽。

中國(guó)田徑隊(duì)對(duì)國(guó)際田聯(lián)的決定表示抗議(protest against the decision)，兩次提出申訴(appeal)。中國(guó)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，允許美國(guó)隊(duì)單獨(dú)重跑非常不公平，因?yàn)閱为?dú)賽跑的比賽環(huán)境與預(yù)賽時(shí)完全不同，且無權(quán)取消中國(guó)隊(duì)的決賽資格，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)隊(duì)是通過正常的預(yù)賽晉級(jí)的。中國(guó)因此要求9支隊(duì)伍入圍決賽，并提議決賽分兩組進(jìn)行(request 9 teams to jointly qualify and run in two groups for the final)。然而，中國(guó)隊(duì)的申訴被國(guó)際田聯(lián)駁回(be rejected by the IAAF)，中國(guó)隊(duì)稱尊重最后的結(jié)果。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

田徑 track and field

十項(xiàng)全能 decathlon

跨欄賽跑 hurdles

接力賽跑 relay (race)

犯規(guī) foul

6. 倒票

ticket scalping

請(qǐng)看例句：

Patrick Hickey, a senior member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), has temporarily stood down from all his roles after his arrest in Rio over allegations of Olympic ticket scalping.

國(guó)際奧委會(huì)高級(jí)官員帕特里克·希基因受到倒賣奧運(yùn)門票的指控在里約被捕，暫被停止一切職務(wù)。

現(xiàn)年71歲的?；菒蹱柼m奧林匹克理事會(huì)(Olympic Council of Ireland, OCI)主席以及歐洲奧委會(huì)(European Olympic Committees, EOC)主席，自2012年起在國(guó)際奧委會(huì)執(zhí)委會(huì)中任職(serve on the IOC executive board since 2012)。近日，?；谄湎麻降木频瓯话臀骶酱?。警方表示，他參與了高價(jià)倒賣奧運(yùn)門票的活動(dòng)(be involved in a scheme to resell Olympic tickets at higher than their face value)，倒票活動(dòng)的利潤(rùn)可能達(dá)310萬美元。

愛爾蘭廣播電視臺(tái)報(bào)道稱，目前希基面臨協(xié)助倒票(facilitate ticket scalping)、票務(wù)壟斷(form a cartel)、非法營(yíng)銷(illicit marketing)等多項(xiàng)指控。里約的偵查人員表示，如果上述罪名成立(if these allegations are confirmed)，?；鶎⒚媾R7年的牢獄之災(zāi)。不過上周在接受愛爾蘭廣播電視臺(tái)采訪時(shí)，希基否認(rèn)了一切與門票倒賣相關(guān)的不正當(dāng)行為(Hickey denied any wrongdoing in relation to ticket sales)。

愛爾蘭奧林匹克理事會(huì)在一份聲明中表示，"事情完全解決之前(until this matter is fully resolved)"，?；鶎⒈煌Ｂ?be suspended)，并將繼續(xù)配合與協(xié)助所有調(diào)查(continue to co-operate and assist with all enquiries)。?；臍W洲奧委會(huì)主席職位將由副主席亞內(nèi)茲·科斯亞奇克接任(Hickey will be replaced as EOC president by his deputy Janez Kocijancic)。國(guó)際奧委會(huì)表示，會(huì)配合警方的所有調(diào)查(cooperate with any police investigation)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)在證明?；蟹缸镄袨榍?，他應(yīng)被視為無罪的(stress that Hickey should be presumed innocent until proved otherwise)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

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