傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學正式納入《國際疾病分類》

A staff member of Cangzhou People's Hospital fills prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine for patients in Cangzhou, north China's Hebei province, May 26, 2019. [Photo/Xinhua]

The World Health Organization (WHO) has for the first time included a chapter about traditional medicines that originated from ancient China in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11). The revision will come into effect on January 1, 2022.

世界衛(wèi)生組織在《國際疾病分類第十一次修訂本(ICD-11)》中首次納入起源于古代中國的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學章節(jié)，該修訂本將于2022年1月1日起實施。

國際疾病分類(International Classification of Diseases，ICD)是世界衛(wèi)生組織制定頒布的、國際統(tǒng)一的疾病分類標準(the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions)，是各國政府在醫(yī)療、管理、教學和科研及制定政策中關于疾病分類的規(guī)范性標準，是全球衛(wèi)生健康領域具有權威性的基礎和通用標準之一。

世界衛(wèi)生組織《總干事報告》指出，ICD-11 包括一個題為“傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學病證——模塊 1(Traditional medicine conditions – Module 1)”的備用補充章節(jié)，將起源于古代中國且當前在中國、日本、韓國和其它國家普遍使用的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學病證進行了分類(classifies traditional medicine conditions that originated in ancient China and are now commonly used in China, Japan, Republic of Korea and other countries)。將有關傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學的補充章節(jié)納入《國際疾病分類》將使我們第一次能夠計數傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學服務和就醫(yī)情況，測量其形式、頻率、有效性、安全性、質量、結果及費用(the measurement of their form, frequency, effectiveness, safety, quality, outcomes, cost)，與主流醫(yī)學進行對比(comparison with mainstream medicine)，且因為在國家和國際層面都使用了標準化術語和定義而可以開展研究。

傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學150條疾病(diseases)和196條證候(disorders)條目納入傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學章節(jié)，像“陰虛(yin deficiency)”“陽虛(yang deficiency)”等描述中醫(yī)證候的詞匯均在列。

A doctor gives acupuncture treatment to a patient at Cangzhou People's Hospital in Cangzhou, north China's Hebei province, May 26, 2019. [Photo/Xinhua]

中醫(yī)界人士表示，中醫(yī)專家對相關國際法規(guī)體系及制定過程并不熟悉，而外國專家對中醫(yī)藥也不很熟悉，因此，充分溝通增進了解十分關鍵。

"The release of ICD-11 can help China establish a disease statistics network with the country's TCM health service information according to international standards," said Zhang Boli, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, also president of the Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

中國工程院院士、天津中醫(yī)藥大學校長張伯禮說：“《國際疾病分類第十一次修訂本(ICD-11)》的正式發(fā)布有助于我國建立與國際標準相銜接并體現我國中醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生服務信息的疾病統(tǒng)計網絡。”

據國家中醫(yī)藥管理局消息，

China has signed specialized TCM cooperation agreements with over 40 countries, regions and organizations, built a group of TCM centers in countries and regions along routes of the Belt and Road, and opened hundreds of TCM institutes in more than 30 countries and regions.

目前，我國與40余個外國政府、地區(qū)和組織簽署了專門的中醫(yī)藥合作協(xié)議，在“一帶一路”相關國家和地區(qū)建立了一批中醫(yī)藥海外中心，在30多個國家和地區(qū)開辦了數百所中醫(yī)藥院校。

此前，我們還報道過關于ICD-11的另一條新聞，就是該修訂版將游戲成癮列為精神疾病，將其定義為“一種持續(xù)或經常重復的游戲行為(數字游戲或電子游戲)，其中既包含在線游戲也包含本地游戲(a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior ('digital gaming' or 'video-gaming'), which may be online (i.e., over the Internet) or offline)。”

【相關詞匯】

中醫(yī) traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)

針灸 acupuncture

艾灸 moxibustion

拔罐 cupping therapy

中草藥 Chinese herbal medicine