讓學(xué)生成為生活和學(xué)習(xí)的主人！中央發(fā)文促全面提高義務(wù)教育質(zhì)量

《中共中央　國務(wù)院關(guān)于深化教育教學(xué)改革全面提高義務(wù)教育質(zhì)量的意見》近日印發(fā)。這是黨中央、國務(wù)院印發(fā)的第一個(gè)聚焦義務(wù)教育階段教育教學(xué)改革的重要文件，是新時(shí)代我國深化教育教學(xué)改革、全面提高義務(wù)教育質(zhì)量的綱領(lǐng)性文件。

Pupils at Qamdo Municipal Experimental Primary School in Qamdo, Tibet autonomous region. [Photo provided to China Daily]

The guideline aims to develop an education system that will foster citizens with an all-round moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic grounding, in addition to a hard-working spirit, according to the document.

意見旨在發(fā)展素質(zhì)教育，培養(yǎng)德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人。

要點(diǎn)包括：

堅(jiān)持“五育”并舉，全面發(fā)展素質(zhì)教育

According to the guideline, compulsory education should emphasize the effectiveness of moral education with efforts on cultivating ideals and faith, core socialist values, China's fine traditional culture, ecological civilization and mental health.

要突出德育實(shí)效，大力開展理想信念、社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀、中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化、生態(tài)文明和心理健康教育。

The document stressed elevating intellectual grounding level to develop the cognitive ability and stimulate the sense of innovation of the students.

提升智育水平。著力培養(yǎng)認(rèn)知能力，促進(jìn)思維發(fā)展，激發(fā)創(chuàng)新意識(shí)。

It also called for strengthening physical education, enhancing aesthetic training with more art curriculums and activities, and encouraging students to participate in more physical work to boost their hard-working spirit.

強(qiáng)化體育鍛煉，增強(qiáng)美育熏陶，設(shè)立藝術(shù)特色課程，加強(qiáng)勞動(dòng)教育，充分發(fā)揮勞動(dòng)綜合育人功能。

強(qiáng)化課堂主陣地作用，切實(shí)提高課堂教學(xué)質(zhì)量

Heuristic and interactive methods in teaching are encouraged to inspire students to think and ask questions.

注重啟發(fā)式、互動(dòng)式、探究式教學(xué)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動(dòng)思考、積極提問、自主探究。

More information technology should be integrated into school teaching, it said, specifically calling for more free and high-quality educational resources in rural and remote areas.

促進(jìn)信息技術(shù)與教育教學(xué)融合應(yīng)用。免費(fèi)為農(nóng)村和邊遠(yuǎn)貧困地區(qū)學(xué)校提供優(yōu)質(zhì)學(xué)習(xí)資源。

按照“四有好老師”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，建設(shè)高素質(zhì)專業(yè)化教師隊(duì)伍

The guideline demands "high-quality and professional" teaching personnel, proposing more training to strengthen teachers' teaching fundamentals and work ethics, as well as improved salaries and benefits.

建設(shè)高素質(zhì)專業(yè)化教師隊(duì)伍，強(qiáng)化師德教育和教學(xué)基本功訓(xùn)練，不斷提高教師待遇。

School principals are asked to shoulder more responsibilities and play better roles in improving education quality.

校長是學(xué)校提高教育質(zhì)量的第一責(zé)任人，提升校長實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育能力。

深化關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域改革，為提高教育質(zhì)量創(chuàng)造條件

National curriculum schemes issued by the central authority should not be replaced by local and school- based curriculum, said the guideline.

嚴(yán)禁用地方課程、校本課程取代國家課程。

Exam-free access to nearby primary and secondary schools should cover all school-age children, and schools are encouraged to promote the well-rounded development of students, the guideline said.

推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育學(xué)校免試就近入學(xué)全覆蓋。建立以發(fā)展素質(zhì)教育為導(dǎo)向的科學(xué)評價(jià)體系。

The country will secure the fiscal investment for compulsory education and motivate schools with higher education quality to help ordinary schools to achieve balanced compulsory education, according to the guideline.

保障義務(wù)教育財(cái)政經(jīng)費(fèi)投入，發(fā)揮優(yōu)質(zhì)學(xué)校示范輻射作用，完善強(qiáng)校帶弱校等辦學(xué)機(jī)制，促進(jìn)新優(yōu)質(zhì)學(xué)校成長。

It also demands strengthened Party leadership over compulsory education reform and more guidance to parents for better family education.

推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育改革，加強(qiáng)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo);重視家庭教育。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

義務(wù)教育 compulsory education

應(yīng)試教育 exam-oriented education

民辦學(xué)校 private school

基礎(chǔ)教育 basic education

教書育人 impart knowledge and cultivate people

教育公平 education equality