高級(jí)聽力練習(xí)02 Schooling and education
It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today
children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the
shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole
universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio,
from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance
conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from
infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of
school, and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.
Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar
textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an
understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school
students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest
filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized
