VOA慢速英語： 美國國防部反擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)襲擊

The United States Department of Defense developed some of the technology that led to the internet.

Defense department workers built what they say was the first workable model for the internet many years ago. The goal was for U.S. universities and researchers to share information. Later, the goal became data sharing between the U.S. and other countries.

Because of that work, and others, the world is now more connected than ever. There is more information stored online than any of the internet’s creators could have imagined. But that also means it is harder than ever to keep important data safe from criminals.

Steve Welby is the Defense Department’s Chief Technology Officer. He spoke with VOA about some of the issues the department faces in protecting its information from cyber attacks.

Welby says the growth of data available on computer systems is “both an opportunityand a challenge.”

Almost everything the Department of Defense does involves some kind of software, he notes. And if a hacker attacks a small weakness in a program, it can bring down an entire wall of cyber defense. That is why he believes that defending cyberspace may be just as important as defending air, land, sea and space.

But that kind of work is not always easy.

James Lewis is Strategic Technologies Program Director at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.

He says the tradition of using simple “Band-Aid” solutions to correct small problems in cyber defense is a mistake.

Lewis says there are other militaries with computer experts that are as good as those in the United States. He says hackers will eventually find ways through virtual walls if they have time and resources.

“It’s not so much that our defenses are weak,” Lewis says. “It's just that they are hard to defend against.”

Welby says the Defense Department is trying to develop systems that are easy to defend, instead of turning to products from the marketplace.

Lewis says one problem the department faces is that some of its computer systems are very old. And old systems are hard to protect.

He says, “within three years, five years, they [opponents] know every bug, they know every opening, they know every vulnerability...”

But help could be on the way.

U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter is working with technology developers who may be able to improve defenses in the U.S. Carter met last week with Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX and product developer of Tesla Motors.

I’m Anne Ball.

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Words in This Story

bug – n. a problem that prevents a computer program or system from working properly

cyber – adj. related to work with computers

virtual – adj. existing or occurring on computers or on the Internet

Band-Aid – adj. related to the brand name of small bandage; able to help or improve something only for a short period of time

network – n. a system of computers and other devices (such as printers) that are connected to each other

data – n. information that is produced or stored by a computer

opportunity – n. an amount of time or a situation in which something can be done

challenge – n. a difficult task or problem; something that is hard to do

hacker – n. a person who secretly gets access to a computer system in order to get information or cause damage; a person who hacks into a computer system