VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：專(zhuān)家對(duì)川普政策如何影響石油行業(yè)意見(jiàn)不一

Experts Divided over How Trump Policies Will Affect Oil Industry

專(zhuān)家對(duì)川普政策如何影響石油行業(yè)意見(jiàn)不一

Oil industry leaders and experts have conflicting opinions about what the policies of U.S. President-Elect Donald Trump could mean for the oil industry.

候任總統(tǒng)川普的政策對(duì)石油行業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)可能意味著什么?石油行業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和專(zhuān)家對(duì)此意見(jiàn)并不統(tǒng)一。

Low oil prices have hurt profits for leading oil companies in recent years. However, prices are rising again, creating other problems.

近年來(lái)低油價(jià)已經(jīng)損害了主要石油公司的利潤(rùn)。然而，油價(jià)再次上漲又引發(fā)了其它問(wèn)題。

Jack Gerard is president of the American Petroleum Institute, a group that represents the oil industry.

杰克·杰拉德(Jack Gerard)是代表石油行業(yè)的美國(guó)石油學(xué)會(huì)的主席。

Gerard notes that Trump has promised to change regulations and reform taxes. He says that could help energy companies and lead to more oil industry jobs.

杰拉德指出，川普已經(jīng)承諾修改法規(guī)和改革稅收。他說(shuō)，這對(duì)能源公司可能會(huì)有幫助，還可能會(huì)帶來(lái)更多石油行業(yè)的就業(yè)崗位。

Gerard said America's oil and natural gas industries support 9.8 million jobs. He thinks the industry could create hundreds of thousands of additional jobs if what he called "smart" regulation was put in place. He says the "smart" rules would replace ones that appear to duplicate existing measures or are in competition with them.

杰拉德表示，美國(guó)的石油和天然氣行業(yè)提供了980萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。他認(rèn)為，如果他所謂的“靈活法規(guī)”能夠到位，該行業(yè)還能創(chuàng)造十萬(wàn)個(gè)新的就業(yè)崗位。他說(shuō)，這些靈活的規(guī)章將會(huì)取代現(xiàn)有重復(fù)規(guī)章或是與其展開(kāi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

Other observers say some of Trump's proposed policies and his statements present problems for international oil markets.

其他觀察家表示，川普提出的一些政策及他發(fā)表的一些聲明給國(guó)際石油市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)了麻煩。

Diane Munro is an oil industry expert. In December, she wrote a story for the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, DC. The non-profit group aims to increase understanding of the Gulf States in the United States.

戴安·蒙羅(Diane Munro)是一位石油專(zhuān)家。她在12月為華盛頓特區(qū)的阿拉伯海灣國(guó)家研究所寫(xiě)了一篇報(bào)道。這家非營(yíng)利性組織旨在增進(jìn)美國(guó)對(duì)海灣國(guó)家的了解。

Munro wrote that some of Trump's statements present, in her words, a "cauldron of contradictions." For example, Trump has strongly criticized the 2015 nuclear agreement between Iran and world powers. The agreement eases many economic restrictions on Iran in return for limits on its nuclear activities. The president-elect said he would consider canceling the deal.

蒙羅寫(xiě)道，川普的一些聲明引發(fā)了一堆矛盾。例如，川普強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)伊朗同世界大國(guó)之間2015年簽訂的核協(xié)議。該協(xié)議減輕了對(duì)伊朗的諸多經(jīng)濟(jì)限制，以換取對(duì)伊朗核活動(dòng)的限制。候任總統(tǒng)表示會(huì)考慮取消這項(xiàng)協(xié)議。

Munro wrote that Trump also has threatened to ban oil imports from the Middle East, accusing oil producers there of unfairly controlling prices. Statements against the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) have been considered unfriendly to Gulf countries and Saudi Arabia, she noted.

蒙羅寫(xiě)道，川普還威脅禁止從中東進(jìn)口石油，并指責(zé)石油生產(chǎn)國(guó)不公平控制價(jià)格。她指出，這些針對(duì)石油輸出國(guó)組織(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)歐佩克)的聲明被視為對(duì)海灣國(guó)家和沙特不友好。

Munro added that such statements are likely to cause concern or "rattle" the oil market. They also might hurt already the U.S. relationship with Saudi Arabia, which she described as "fraying."

蒙羅還說(shuō)，這類(lèi)聲明可能會(huì)引起石油市場(chǎng)的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，還可能會(huì)損害美國(guó)同沙特之間的關(guān)系。

Trump's choice for secretary of state called "oil-centric"

川普的國(guó)務(wù)卿之選被稱(chēng)之為“以石油為中心”

At least one nominee for Trump's cabinet has strong ties to the oil industry. His choice for Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, retired as chief executive officer at ExxonMobil earlier this month. Tillerson is to receive a retirement deal valued at $180 million from his former employer.

至少有一名川普內(nèi)閣提名人跟石油行業(yè)有著密切關(guān)系。他提名了?？松梨诠驹鲁跬诵莸那笆紫瘓?zhí)行官雷克斯·蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)擔(dān)任國(guó)務(wù)卿。蒂勒森將從他的前雇主那獲得價(jià)值1.8億美元的退休金。

Gerard praised the nomination as "world class." He said Tillerson's skills can represent the nation well.

杰拉德稱(chēng)贊這一提名是“世界級(jí)的”。他稱(chēng)蒂勒森的能力可以完美代表美國(guó)。

But Munro called the choice "oil-centric." She wrote the nomination appears to show the growing influence of Russia on U.S. policy. She said this will create a mixed message for America's Middle East allies.

但是蒙羅稱(chēng)這一選擇是“以石油為中心”。她撰文稱(chēng)這一提名似乎表明了俄羅斯對(duì)美國(guó)政策日益增長(zhǎng)的影響。她說(shuō)，這將會(huì)給美國(guó)的中東盟友帶去矛盾的信號(hào)。

Tillerson has good relations with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Under his leadership, ExxonMobil has developed oil projects in Russia and also in the South China Sea, with Vietnam.

蒂勒森同俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京關(guān)系良好。在他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，?？松梨诠疽呀?jīng)在俄羅斯以及同越南在中國(guó)南海開(kāi)發(fā)了石油項(xiàng)目。

Oil prices have been rising since OPEC members announced a deal to reduce production in late November.

自從歐佩克成員國(guó)11月下旬宣布減產(chǎn)協(xié)議以來(lái)，石油價(jià)格一路上漲。

OPEC has historically had a difficult time enforcing its agreements, however. It is difficult to predict how the cartel's latest move will affect prices this year.

然而歐佩克歷來(lái)難以執(zhí)行其協(xié)議。很難預(yù)測(cè)該卡特爾最近的舉措將會(huì)如何影響今年的石油價(jià)格。

I'm Mario Ritter.

馬里奧·里特報(bào)道。