VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：利用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)對(duì)抗東南亞腐敗

Blockchain to Fight Corruption in Southeast Asia

利用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)對(duì)抗東南亞腐敗

What if you could wave your phone over a piece of fish at a store and immediately see a record of its path through the supply chain?

如果你在商店里把手機(jī)在一塊魚(yú)肉上面晃一下，就能立即看到它在供應(yīng)鏈上的路徑記錄，結(jié)果會(huì)如何呢?

This may soon be possible. Current experiments are testing technology that can show how the fish was caught, when it was shipped and how it was processed at a factory.

這可能很快就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。目前有些試驗(yàn)正在測(cè)試可以顯示魚(yú)是如何捕獲、何時(shí)運(yùn)輸以及在工廠如何加工的技術(shù)。

This technology, called Blockchain, is being tested for its potential to bring light to secretive industries in Southeast Asia.

這種被稱之為區(qū)塊鏈的技術(shù)正在測(cè)試它為東南亞隱秘行業(yè)帶來(lái)光明的潛力。

Same technology, new uses

老技術(shù)，新用途

Blockchain was first developed to confirm dealings in bitcoin, a digital money. In that case, the technology creates a public financial record.

區(qū)塊鏈最早被開(kāi)發(fā)用于確認(rèn)比特幣交易。在該案例中，這種技術(shù)會(huì)創(chuàng)建一條公共財(cái)物記錄。

In Southeast Asia important records, including those of identity information and property ownership, are often not carefully kept.

在東南亞，包括身份信息和財(cái)產(chǎn)所有權(quán)在內(nèi)的重要信息經(jīng)常沒(méi)有得到妥善記錄。

Erin Murphy is the founder and leader of Inle Advisory Group, a business advisory company working in Myanmar and other countries with developing markets. She said Blockchain technology helps make business operations in such countries safer and easier.

艾琳·墨菲(Erin Murphy)是茵萊顧問(wèn)集團(tuán)的創(chuàng)始人和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，這是一家在緬甸和其它發(fā)展中國(guó)家運(yùn)營(yíng)的商業(yè)顧問(wèn)公司。她說(shuō)，區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)有助于使這些國(guó)家的商業(yè)運(yùn)作更加安全和方便。

"Ideally, we would want to see adoption of Blockchain at an official level all across the region. But perhaps not surprisingly, the governments that are leading Blockchain adoption are those that are already low-corruption," she told VOA.

她對(duì)美國(guó)之音表示：“理想情況下，我們希望這個(gè)區(qū)域在官方層面采用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)。但是也許不足為奇的是，在采用區(qū)塊鏈方面處于領(lǐng)先的是那些低腐敗的政府。”

In some countries like Singapore, Murphy said Blockchain is being used to improve customer service processes. However in other countries, like the Philippines, Blockchain helps citizens safely send money home from foreign countries.

墨菲表示，在新加坡等國(guó)家，區(qū)塊鏈開(kāi)始被用于改善客戶服務(wù)流程。然而在菲律賓等國(guó)家，區(qū)塊鏈幫助公民安全地把錢(qián)從國(guó)外寄回國(guó)。

Murphy said the technology will help development, lower poverty, and increase foreign investment.

墨菲表示，這種技術(shù)有助于發(fā)展、減少貧困以及增加外國(guó)投資。

Observing the flow

觀察流向

Right now, there are many programs in Southeast Asia experimenting with Blockchain technology.

目前東南亞有很多試驗(yàn)區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)導(dǎo)彈項(xiàng)目。

In June, the United Nations presented a Blockchain-based system built in partnership with the technology company Microsoft and professional services company Accenture. The system gives stateless refugees a permanent identity record based on biometric data.

今年6月，聯(lián)合國(guó)與科技公司微軟以及專業(yè)服務(wù)公司埃森哲合作，推出了一種基于區(qū)塊鏈的系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)根據(jù)生物特征數(shù)據(jù)為無(wú)國(guó)籍難民提供永久身份記錄。

The technology is also being explored in connection with efforts to improve voting system security.

這種技術(shù)還被用于提高投票系統(tǒng)安全性相關(guān)措施的探索。

A Blockchain based app developed to observe the supply chain of fish from Indonesia is now being used with other industries, including clothing.

一種基于區(qū)塊鏈開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)用于監(jiān)視印尼魚(yú)類供應(yīng)鏈的應(yīng)用程序目前被用于包括服裝在內(nèi)的其它行業(yè)。

Results from a pilot project can be found on the internet. Viewers can observe the movement of a piece of clothing from an alpaca farm in Dulverton, Britain, through every step of production to its final stop at a shop in London.

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上也可以找到一個(gè)試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目的結(jié)果。觀察者可以監(jiān)視來(lái)自英國(guó)達(dá)爾弗頓一家羊駝農(nóng)場(chǎng)的一塊布的流動(dòng)，從它的每一步生產(chǎn)到它的最后一站，也就是倫敦市一家商店。

Alisa DiCaprio is the head of research at R3, a banking software company that uses technology similar to Blockchain. She said getting the technology and being able to use it are separate issues.

艾莉莎·迪卡普里奧(Alisa DiCaprio)是R3的研究負(fù)責(zé)人，這是一家采用類似區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)的銀行軟件公司。她說(shuō)，獲得這種技術(shù)和能夠利用它是兩個(gè)不同的問(wèn)題。

Most countries have engineers who can rightly code the technology, she said. However, they do not always understand how to make it work for businesses and industries.

她說(shuō)，大多數(shù)國(guó)家的工程師都能正確編碼這種技術(shù)。然而，他們并非總是懂得如何讓它應(yīng)用于各個(gè)企業(yè)和行業(yè)。

DiCaprio predicts it will take about five years before we actually see Blockchain used widely. She said she believes the most important effects of the technology will be seen on a macro-economic level.

迪卡普里奧預(yù)測(cè)大約需要5年時(shí)間我們才能看到區(qū)塊鏈的廣泛應(yīng)用。她說(shuō)，她相信這種技術(shù)最重要的影響將在宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)層面上被看到。

Division in the community

社區(qū)分歧

However, the Blockchain community is divided on how the technology should be used.

然而，區(qū)塊鏈社區(qū)對(duì)應(yīng)該如何利用這種技術(shù)存在分歧。

Some see Blockchain as a tool that can interfere with a global financial system they believe is corrupt.

有些人將區(qū)塊鏈視為可以影響全球金融體系的工具，他們認(rèn)為全球金融體系是腐敗的。

"There is a serious opportunity for us here to remove money out of government," said a Southeast Asia based bitcoin trader.

南亞一位比特幣交易商表示：“我們這里會(huì)有很大機(jī)會(huì)把錢(qián)從政府轉(zhuǎn)走。”

He said billions of people who are unable to use an official banking system will be able to move money with just a phone.

他說(shuō)，數(shù)十億無(wú)法使用官方銀行體系的人們將能夠僅僅使用一部手機(jī)就把錢(qián)轉(zhuǎn)走。

Another group wants to see Blockchain technology used by states, such as Canada, Singapore, China and Germany. All of these countries are exploring or experimenting with digital money using Blockchain.

另一家組織希望看到加拿大、新加坡、中國(guó)和德國(guó)等國(guó)家采用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)。這些國(guó)家都在探索或試驗(yàn)采用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)的數(shù)字貨幣。

Michael Hsieh is with the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University. He suggested that Blockchain creates a threat for governments only if they ignore the technology. Countries that use it to establish safe and honest systems for money exchange will appeal to business and investment interests, he said.

麥克謝就職于斯坦福大學(xué)國(guó)際安全與合作中心。他提出，區(qū)塊鏈只有在政府忽視這種技術(shù)的情況下才會(huì)對(duì)政府造成威脅。他說(shuō)，利用這種技術(shù)建立安全誠(chéng)信貨幣兌換系統(tǒng)的國(guó)家將會(huì)吸引企業(yè)和投資興趣。

I'm Phil Dierking.

菲爾·德?tīng)柦饒?bào)道。