VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：川普宣布對(duì)中國(guó)新征收數(shù)十億美元進(jìn)口稅

US Announces Billions of Dollars in new Import Taxes on China

川普宣布對(duì)中國(guó)新征收數(shù)十億美元進(jìn)口稅

United States President Donald Trump has signed an order calling for up to $60 billion in new tariffs on Chinese imports.

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)川普已經(jīng)簽署了一項(xiàng)命令，要求對(duì)中國(guó)進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品新征高達(dá)600億美元的關(guān)稅。

The order seeks to punish China for, in his words, the theft of American "intellectual property," including inventions and research. The action also calls for restrictions on the transfer of technology to China.

用川普的話來(lái)說(shuō)，該命令旨在懲罰中國(guó)盜竊美國(guó)包括發(fā)明和研究在內(nèi)的“知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)”。該舉措還要求限制向中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)讓技術(shù)。

Robert Lighthizer is the U.S. Trade Representative. He said that intellectual property is an important part of the trade problem with China.

羅伯特·萊特希澤(Robert Lighthizer)是美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表。他說(shuō)，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)是同中國(guó)貿(mào)易問(wèn)題的重要組成部分。

"Our view is that we have a very serious problem of losing our intellectual property which is really the biggest single advantage of the American economy, in my opinion, is our intellectual property and our ability to generate new intellectual property."

他說(shuō)：“我們認(rèn)為，美國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)方面的損失非常嚴(yán)重，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)最大的單一優(yōu)勢(shì)。我認(rèn)為這是指我們的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和創(chuàng)造新知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的能力。”

Trump blamed the trade imbalance between the two countries for the loss of American jobs. He said, "It is the largest deficit of any country in the history of our world."

川普指責(zé)中美兩國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易不平衡導(dǎo)致美國(guó)失去就業(yè)崗位。他說(shuō)，“這是全球歷史上任何國(guó)家面臨的最大逆差。”

China's trade surplus with the U.S. last year was about $375 billion. Trump said that with the increased tariffs he hopes to cut the trade deficit with China by $100 billion.

中國(guó)去年同美國(guó)的貿(mào)易順差為3750億美元。川普表示，通過(guò)提高關(guān)稅，他希望將美國(guó)同中國(guó)的貿(mào)易逆差減少1000億美元。

The administration said the president will direct the U.S. trade office to publish a list of proposed tariffs for public comment within 15 days. The Treasury Department will also come up with a list of restrictions on Chinese investment.

美國(guó)政府表示，川普總統(tǒng)將會(huì)指示美國(guó)貿(mào)易辦公室在15天內(nèi)公布擬征關(guān)稅名單向公眾征詢意見(jiàn)。美國(guó)財(cái)政部還將制定一份中國(guó)投資限制清單。

Ahead of Trump's announcement, China warned that it will take "all necessary measures" to defend itself. The actions raised the possibility of a trade war between the two biggest economies and sent global stock markets lower.

在川普政府宣布之前，中國(guó)警告稱，將會(huì)采取“一切必要措施”來(lái)保護(hù)自己。這一舉動(dòng)增加了中美這兩個(gè)最大經(jīng)濟(jì)體之間貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的可能性，并導(dǎo)致全球股市下跌。

China reacts

中國(guó)回應(yīng)

Chinese officials say the U.S. trade deficit with China is the result of U.S. trade policy. Chinese officials note that the U.S. bars the export of many high-technology products.

中國(guó)官員表示，美國(guó)對(duì)華貿(mào)易逆差是美國(guó)貿(mào)易政策的結(jié)果。中國(guó)官員指出，美國(guó)禁止對(duì)華出口很多高科技產(chǎn)品。

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said the products traded have unequal values.

中國(guó)外交部發(fā)言人華春瑩表示，中美兩國(guó)交易的產(chǎn)品價(jià)值不平等。

She said, "How many soybeans should China buy that are equal to one Boeing aircraft? Or, if China buys a certain number of Boeing aircraft should the U.S. buy an equal number of C919s (Chinese aircraft)?"

她說(shuō)：“中國(guó)購(gòu)買多少大豆相當(dāng)于一架波音飛機(jī)?或者說(shuō)，如果中國(guó)購(gòu)買一定數(shù)量的波音飛機(jī)，美國(guó)是否應(yīng)該購(gòu)買相同數(shù)量的中國(guó)C919飛機(jī)?”

U.S. agriculture exports to China are almost $20 billion. Most of that number is shipments of soybean. If China were to target soybeans, it would hurt farm states like Iowa, the home state of U.S. Ambassador to China, Terry Branstad.

美國(guó)對(duì)華農(nóng)業(yè)出口接近200億美元，其中大部分是大豆出貨量。如果中國(guó)要針對(duì)大豆，將會(huì)傷害到愛(ài)荷華州這樣的農(nóng)業(yè)州。愛(ài)荷華州是美國(guó)駐中國(guó)大使特里·布蘭斯塔德(Terry Branstad)的故鄉(xiāng)。

Boeing has said it expects China to buy aircraft worth $1.1 trillion by 2036. But China is also developing its own C919 passenger plane.

波音公司曾表示，該公司希望中國(guó)在2036年前購(gòu)買價(jià)值1.1萬(wàn)億美元的飛機(jī)。但是中國(guó)也正在開(kāi)發(fā)自己的C919客機(jī)。

The Chinese foreign ministry added that it hopes to hold useful talks with the U.S. Hua said the goal is to reach what she called "a win-win solution" to settle trade issues.

中國(guó)外交部補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，中國(guó)希望同美國(guó)進(jìn)行有益的交流。華女士表示，目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)所謂的“雙贏”以解決貿(mào)易問(wèn)題。

Concerns over a trade war increase

對(duì)貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的擔(dān)憂增加

Mary Lovely is an expert at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. She told the AP the possible tariffs are "a very big deal." She said, "The Chinese see them as a major threat and do not want a costly trade war."

瑪麗·拉夫利(Mary Lovely)是彼得森國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)研究所的專家。她對(duì)美聯(lián)社表示，可能征收的關(guān)稅“非常重要。”她說(shuō)，“中國(guó)視其為一項(xiàng)重大威脅，不希望進(jìn)行代價(jià)昂貴的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。”

American businesses, including Walmart, Apple and other technology companies, also oppose a trade war. Forty-five American trade associations warned that tariffs will raise the price of goods for Americans, hurt jobs and financial markets.

包括沃爾瑪、蘋(píng)果等科技公司在內(nèi)的美國(guó)企業(yè)也反對(duì)貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。45家美國(guó)貿(mào)易協(xié)會(huì)警告說(shuō)，關(guān)稅將會(huì)提高美國(guó)人購(gòu)買商品的價(jià)格，損害就業(yè)和金融市場(chǎng)。

Scott Kennedy is with the Centers for Strategic and International Studies in Washington. He told VOA, over the short-term, that is true. But, if such a policy could get China to reduce its barriers to trade, American buyers and businesses would gain while increased trade would also be good for China.

斯科特·肯尼迪(Scott Kennedy)就職于華盛頓戰(zhàn)略與國(guó)際研究中心。他對(duì)美國(guó)之音表示，在短期內(nèi)這是事實(shí)。但是如果這類政策可以讓中國(guó)減少貿(mào)易壁壘，那么美國(guó)消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)就會(huì)獲益，而增加貿(mào)易也會(huì)對(duì)中國(guó)有利。

Trump said Thursday's action would be "one of many." The U.S. recently placed tariffs of 25 percent on steel and 10 percent on aluminum imports. Some countries, including Canada and Mexico, are not subject to the new taxes.

川普表示，周四的舉措只是眾多舉措之一。美國(guó)最近對(duì)鋼材征收25%的關(guān)稅，對(duì)鋁征收10%的關(guān)稅。包括加拿大和墨西哥在內(nèi)的一些國(guó)家不在這種新稅種的征收范圍之內(nèi)。

I'm Mario Ritter.

馬里奧·里特報(bào)道。