大學(xué)英語自學(xué)教程 unit 25
大學(xué)英語自學(xué)教程 unit 25
https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0008/8709/25.mp3
https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012
- Unit 25 taxt A
- Unit 25 taxt B
[00:00.00]Unit 25 taxt A
[00:04.70]Ameriacan Men Don't Cry
[00:06.99]美國男人不哭
[00:09.27]American men don't cry because it is considered not characteristic of men to do so.
[00:13.74]美國男人不哭,因為人們認為哭不是男人的特征。
[00:18.21]Only women cry.
[00:20.43]只是女人才哭。
[00:22.65]Cry is a "weakness"characteristic of the femaleand
[00:25.73]哭泣是女人特有的“軟弱”的表現(xiàn)。
[00:28.81]no American male wants to be identified with anything in the least weak or feminine.
[00:32.78]沒有一個美國男人愿意被人認為有一點兒軟弱或女人氣的東西。
[00:36.75]Crying, in our culture, is identified with childishness
[00:40.44]在我們的文化中,哭被看成幼稚,
[00:44.12]with weakness and dependence.
[00:46.60]被看成軟弱和依賴性。
[00:49.08]No one likes a cry baby,
[00:51.30]沒有人喜歡愛哭的孩子。
[00:53.52]and we disapprove of crying even in childrend
[00:56.20]即使孩子們我們也不贊成他們哭,
[00:58.88]is couraging it in them as early as possible.
[01:01.66]我們盡量早地鼓勵他們不哭。
[01:04.44]In a land so devoted to the pursuit of happiness as ours
[01:08.23]在我們這樣一個如此專注于追求幸福的國家里,
[01:12.02]crying really is rather un-American.
[01:14.54]哭實在十分不合美國傳統(tǒng)。
[01:17.06]Adults must learn not to cry in situations in which it is permissible for a child to cry.
[01:21.68]有的場合孩子要以哭,成年人應(yīng)當學(xué)會在這些場合不哭。
[01:26.31]Women being the "weaker"and"dependent"sexit
[01:29.55]女人是“軟弱的”和“依賴的”性別,
[01:32.79]is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations.
[01:36.26]因此很自然,她們在某些感情場合下就會哭起來。
[01:39.74]In women, crying is excusable.
[01:42.01]女人哭是可以原諒的。
[01:44.28]But in men, crying is a mark of weakness.
[01:47.10]但男人哭就是軟弱的標志。
[01:49.92]So goes the American belief with regard to crying.
[01:52.81]這就是美國人有關(guān)哭的信念。
[01:55.70]"A little man,"we impress on our male children,"never cries.
[01:59.97]我們使我們的男孩子們銘記在心“小男子漢從來不哭。
[02:04.24]Only girls and crybabies do.
[02:06.58]只有女孩和愛哭的孩子才哭。”
[02:08.91]And so we condition males in America not to cry whenever they feel like doing so.
[02:12.64]我們也是這樣調(diào)教美國男人,使他們想哭的時候做到不哭。
[02:16.36]It is not that American males are unable to cry because of some
[02:19.60]美國男人不會哭,
[02:22.84]biological time clock within them which causes thern to run downin that capacity as they older,
[02:27.27]不是因為他們隨著年齡的增長體內(nèi)的某個生物鐘使其哭的能力消耗殆盡,
[02:31.69]but that they are trained not to cry.
[02:34.27]而是因為他們被訓(xùn)練得不哭。
[02:36.84]And so the"little man"controls his desire to cry
[02:40.17]于是這位“小男子漢”控制自己哭析愿望,
[02:43.50]and goes on doing so until he is unable to cry ecen when he wants to.
[02:46.78]并一直這樣繼續(xù)下去,直到后來甚至想哭的時候也不會哭了。
[02:50.06]Thus do we produce a trained incapacity in the American male to cry.
[02:53.99]結(jié)果我們就在美國男人身上造成了一種被訓(xùn)練得不會哭的能力。
[02:57.92]And this is bad.
[02:59.96]然而這并不好。
[03:02.00]Why is it bad?
[03:03.88]為什么不好?
[03:05.76]Because crying is a natural function of the human organism
[03:09.18]因為哭是人的機體的一種自然功能,
[03:12.60]which is designed to restore the emotionally disequilibrated person
[03:16.23]用于使感情失衡的人
[03:19.86]to a state of equuilibrium.
[03:22.34]恢復(fù)到平衡狀態(tài)。
[03:24.83]The return of the disequilibrated organ systems of the boby
[03:28.14]人體器官系統(tǒng)從不平衡狀態(tài)回到穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)
[03:31.46]to steady states or dynamic stability is known as homeostasis.
[03:35.78]或動態(tài)穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)叫做體內(nèi)平衡。
[03:40.11]Crying serves a homeostasis function for the organism as a whole.
[03:43.79]哭為整個機體起著體內(nèi)平衡的功能。
[03:47.47]Any interference with homo stasis
[03:50.36]任何對體內(nèi)平衡的妨礙
[03:53.25]is likely to be damaging to the organism
[03:55.98]都可能損害機體。
[03:58.71]And there is good reason to believe that the American male's
[04:02.18]有充分理由相信,美國男人被訓(xùn)練得不會哭,
[04:05.66]trained incapacityto cry is seriously damaging to him.
[04:09.14]這對他們是個嚴重損害。
[04:12.63]It is unnecessary to cry whenever one wants to cry,
[04:15.96]一個人不是什么時候想哭就有必要哭,
[04:19.29]but one should be able to cry when one ought to cry-
[04:22.32]但該哭的時候,也就是當他需要哭的時候,
[04:25.35]when one needs to cry.
[04:27.57]應(yīng)能哭得出來。
[04:29.79]For to cry under certain emotionally disequilibrating conditions is necessary for the maintenance of health.
[04:35.23]因為在某些情感失衡的情況下,哭對維護身體健康是必要的。
[04:40.66]To be human is to weep.
[04:43.30]會哭是人的一種天性。
[04:45.94]The human species is the only one in the whole of animated naturethat sheds tears.
[04:50.96]人類是生物界中唯一能流淚的物種。
[04:55.99]The trained inability of any human being to weep
[04:59.68]把人訓(xùn)練得不會哭
[05:03.36]is a lessening of his capacity to be human
[05:06.53]乃是減少他做人的能力
[05:09.71]a defect which usually goes deeper than the mere inability to cry.
[05:13.53]這是一種通常比單純不能哭更深刻的缺陷。
[05:17.36]And this,among other things,is what American parents
[05:21.04]而這,以及還有其它一些東西,
[05:24.73]with the best intentions in the world have achieved for the American male.
[05:28.56]正是美國的父母們以他們世上最良好的心愿給美國男性所造就的。
[05:32.38]It is very sad.If we feel like it,let us all have a good cry
[05:37.41]這是很可悲的。假如我們想哭,
[05:42.44]--and clear our minds of those cobwebs of confusion
[05:45.70]就讓我們痛痛快快地哭一場,
[05:48.97]which have for so long prevented us from understanding
[05:52.20]把那些長期妨礙我們認識哭泣這一自然需要的那些陳舊混亂觀念
[05:55.42]the natural necessity of crying.
[05:58.31]從我們的頭腦中清除出去。
[06:01.20]Text B
[06:04.54]Stop Worrying Now!
[06:06.32]從現(xiàn)在起別再憂慮!
[06:08.09]Worry is one of the most common forms of emotional distressin our culture.
[06:11.28]憂慮是我們文化中最常見的情緒苦惱的表現(xiàn)形式之一。
[06:14.47]Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of Present moments worrying about the future.
[06:17.94]幾乎每個人都把現(xiàn)在相當多的時間用于為將來憂慮。
[06:21.41]And virtually all of it is for nothing.
[06:23.29]這實際是徒自傷神。
[06:25.18]Obsessive worry will never make things any better.
[06:27.60]過分的憂慮完全于事無補。
[06:30.03]In fact, such worry will very likely help you to be less effective
[06:33.06]事實上,這種憂慮很可能讓你
[06:36.09]in dealing with the present.
[06:37.83]在處理當前事務(wù)時成效更小。
[06:39.57]In order to reduce worry,
[06:41.40]為了減少憂慮,
[06:43.23]it is necessary to understandthe subconscious psychological "payoffs"
[06:47.11]有必要弄明白人們當初愛憂慮所能得到的潛意識心理“補償”
[06:50.98]for choosing to worry in the first place.
[06:53.06]是怎么回事。
[06:55.14]"I can't do a thing. I'm,too worried about ..."
[06:57.96]“我什么事都干不了。。。。太讓我發(fā)愁。”
[07:00.78]This is a common lament,
[07:02.70]這是很常聽到的訴苦聲。
[07:04.62]and one with a payoffthat keeps you standing still
[07:07.28]種訴苦的回報會使你安之若素,
[07:09.95]and avoiding the risk of action.
[07:12.03]避免貿(mào)然行動。
[07:14.10]Clearly, it is easier; if less rewarding,
[07:17.04]很明顯,和做一個積極的,全身投入的人相比,
[07:19.98]to worry than to be an activeinvolved person.
[07:22.62]有所憂慮較容易做到,只不過成事較少。
[07:25.26]By worrying about someone else,
[07:27.48]你為別人操心,
[07:29.70]you can label yourself as a caring person
[07:32.07]這樣你可以把自己列為關(guān)心別人的人。
[07:34.45]Worry proves that you are a good parent or spouse
[07:37.23]為別人操心證明你是個好父親或好母親,或者是個好丈夫或好妻子
[07:40.02]("I can't help worrying--it's because I love you.").
[07:42.80](我無法不為你操心——因為我愛你。)
[07:45.58]A handsome dividead,although lacking in logical, healthy thinking
[07:48.91]這是個相當不錯的回報,只是缺乏合乎邏輯的,正常的思維。
[07:52.24]If you weigh too much, you may eat more when you worry;
[07:54.97]如果你太胖,你憂慮的時候可能吃得更多,
[07:57.70]hence, you have a good reason for hanging on to the worry behavior
[08:01.08]因此你就有正當?shù)睦碛蓤猿謶n慮不止。
[08:04.47]Similarly, you may find yourself smoking more in troublesome situations
[08:08.15]同樣,你可能發(fā)現(xiàn)你在煩惱的情況下煙抽得更多,
[08:11.83]and can use the worry to avoid giving up smoking.
[08:14.56]你可以以憂慮為由而不戒煙。
[08:17.29]The same neurotic reward system also applies to health.
[08:20.68]同樣的神經(jīng)質(zhì)的補償系統(tǒng)也適用于身體健康。
[08:24.06]It may be easier for you to worry about chest pains
[08:26.84]為胸痛而擔(dān)憂比冒風(fēng)險
[08:29.62]than to risk finding out the truth,
[08:31.75]找出真正病因要容易,
[08:33.88]and then having to deal directly with yourself.
[08:36.31]然后不得不自己直接處理自己的問題更容易做到。
[08:38.74]Worry can bring a lot of diseasessuch as tension headaches and backaches.
[08:42.53]憂慮能產(chǎn)生很多疾病,如神經(jīng)緊張性頭痛、腰酸背痛等。
[08:46.31]While these may not seem to be payoffs,
[08:48.54]盡管這不能算是回報,
[08:50.76]they do result in considerable attention from others
[08:53.39]但它能引起別人相當大的關(guān)心
[08:56.03]and justify much self-pity as well.
[08:58.36]并且能證明自憐是有道理的。
[09:00.68]And some People would rather be pitied than fulfilled.
[09:03.36]有些人寧愿被人憐憫而不肯發(fā)揮自己的潛能。
[09:06.04]Now that you understand the psychological support system for nerurotic worry
[09:09.62]既然你懂得了神經(jīng)質(zhì)憂慮的心理支持系統(tǒng),
[09:13.19]you can begin to devise some measures
[09:15.62]你就能夠開始想出一些措施來減少
[09:18.05] for reducing the number of trouble some worry bugs that breed in this erroneous.
[09:22.02]那些孳生繁衍在這一誤區(qū)中的討厭的憂慮蟲。
[09:25.99]Begin to view your present moments as times to live,
[09:28.93]你要開始把你現(xiàn)在的時間看成生活的時光
[09:31.87]rather than times to worry about the future.
[09:34.21]而不是為未來憂慮的時光。
[09:36.55]When you catch yourself worrying, ask yourself,
[09:39.42]當你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在憂慮時,你要問問自己
[09:42.30]"What am I avoiding now by using up this moment with worry?"
[09:45.23]“我把現(xiàn)在的時間用于憂慮,目的是想回避什么?”
[09:48.17]Then begin to attack whatever it is you're avoiding.
[09:51.29]然后你就著手解決你正回避的任何事。
[09:54.42]A friend of mine spent a week on an island off the Connecticut cast.
[09:58.15]我的一個朋友在康涅狄格州海岸邊的一個島子上呆了一個星期。
[10:01.89]She enjoys taking long walks,
[10:04.25]她散步時喜歡走得很遠,
[10:06.62] but soon discoveredthat there were a number of dogs on the island
[10:09.44]但她很快發(fā)現(xiàn),島上有些狗,可以到處亂跑。
[10:12.26]which were allowed to run free.
[10:14.23]她擔(dān)心狗可能會咬她,
[10:16.20]She decided to fight her worry that they might attack her.
[10:19.34]決心戰(zhàn)勝自己的憂慮。
[10:22.47]She carfled a rock in her handand
[10:24.80]她手里拿了一塊石頭,
[10:27.12]resolved to show no fear as the dogs mine running toward her.
[10:30.10]下定決心,當狗沖她跑來時,決不示弱。
[10:33.08]Seeing someone who refused to hack down,they turned and ran away.
[10:36.56]這些狗看見有人并不畏縮,轉(zhuǎn)身就跑掉了。
[10:40.05]While I am not encouraging dangerous behavior,
[10:42.98]雖然我不鼓勵危險行為,
[10:45.90]I do believe that a sensibly effective challenge
[10:48.48]但我確信,對憂慮的明智的有效挑戰(zhàn)是最大限度地減少憂慮
[10:51.05]to worry is the most productive way to minimize its role in your life.
[10:54.33]在你生活中起作用的最有成效的辦法。
[10:57.61]Ask yourself over and over.
[10:59.98]你要反復(fù)地問自己,
[11:02.36]"Will the future change as a result of my worrying about it?"
[11:05.14]“我對未來感到憂慮,未來會因此而改變嗎?”
[11:07.92]Try to remember how many of the things you once,worried about
[11:11.05]你努力回憶一下,有多少件
[11:14.17]never become real at all.
[11:16.05]你曾經(jīng)憂慮過的事情從未成真。
[11:17.93]Also ask yourself:
[11:19.90]你還應(yīng)問問自己:
[11:21.87]"What's the worst thing that could happen to me (or them),
[11:24.40]“可能發(fā)生在我(或他們)身上的最壞的事是什么?
[11:26.92]and what is the likelihood of it occurring?"
[11:29.25]發(fā)生的可能性有多大?”
[11:31.59]You'll discover the absurdity of most worries in this way.
[11:34.57]這樣你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的大部分憂慮是毫無道理的。
[11:37.55]Act in direct conflict with your usual areas of worry.
[11:40.58]你做事要和你平常憂慮的事情針鋒相對。
[11:43.61]If you compulsively save for the future
[11:46.09]如果你要強制性地為以后的日子存錢的話,
[11:48.57]use some money for your own enjoyment today.
[11:50.91]不如現(xiàn)在就把有些錢用于眼前的享受。
[11:53.25]Enjoy life don't waste the present with immobilizing thoughts about the future
[11:57.07]享受生活吧,不要把你的現(xiàn)在浪費在關(guān)于未來的無所動作的思考上。
[12:00.90]There are some techniques for minimizing worry in your life.
[12:03.68]這是一些能夠最大限度減少你生活憂慮的技術(shù)。
[12:06.47]But the most effective weapon you have is your own determination
[12:09.69]但你的最有效的武器是你自己把這種神經(jīng)質(zhì)的行為
[12:12.92]to drive this neurotic behavior away from your life.
[12:15.65]從你的生活中驅(qū)逐出去的決心。
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