國家地理:女性是如何改變盧旺達的(1)

Rwanda's genocide Museum is a haunting place, one of the memorials in the capital city of Kigali that commemorate a hundred days of terrifying tribal conflict in 1994.

盧旺達的大屠殺紀念館是一個充滿回憶的地方，它是首都基加利的紀念館之一，是為了紀念在1994年持續(xù)一百多天的那場可怕的部落沖突。

The horror was triggered after Hutu extremists blamed Tutsi rebels for the downing of a plane carrying Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira. Habyarimana, like about 85 percent of Rwanda's population, was a Hutu. Tensions over the fatal crash exploded into a killing rampage that left up to one million Tutsi dead. Thousands of Hutu also were killed. At least a quarter of a million women were reported to have been raped, and more than 95,000 children were orphaned. When the conflict was over, Rwanda's surviving population of about six million was predominantly female.

這場恐怖事件的起因是搭載著盧旺達總統(tǒng)朱韋納爾·哈比亞利馬納和布隆迪總統(tǒng)西普里安·恩塔里亞米拉的飛機的墜落，胡圖族中的的極端主義分子將墜機歸罪于圖西族的叛軍。就跟百分之八十五的盧旺達人口一樣，哈比亞利馬納是胡圖族人。這場墜機直接導(dǎo)致了一百萬圖西族人被殺，還有上千的胡圖族人也在其中。據(jù)報道至少有二十五萬婦女被強奸，超過九萬五千名小孩成為了孤兒。沖突結(jié)束后，盧旺達存活下來的約六百萬人口中，大部分都是女性。

Visitors to the Campaign Against Genocide Museum are ushered through seven galleries in near darkness, harrowing images, videos, and maps on the walls, before they emerge into the neon light of liberation in the last two rooms. The museum sits in the administrative heart of the capital, adjacent to the parliament and across the street from the supreme court, institutions that were forever altered by the atrocity.

大屠殺紀念館的參觀者們在幾乎全黑的環(huán)境里穿過七個畫廊，他們被墻上悲慘的畫面、視頻還有地圖包圍著，然后才進入最后兩個亮著霓虹燈的房間。這座博物館坐落于首都的行政中心，緊挨著國會，跟最高法院只隔一條街，這些機構(gòu)也總是被暴力改變著。