工商管理英語Chapter 1 計劃
[00:00.00]project n.
[00:00.47]項目
[00:00.94]finance n. vi.
[00:01.53]財政 籌資
[00:02.12]accounting n.
[00:02.80]會計
[00:03.47]advertising a. n.
[00:04.10]廣告 廣告業(yè)
[00:04.73]graduate vi.
[00:05.43]畢業(yè)
[00:06.14]prototype n.
[00:06.73]原型
[00:07.31]seminar n.
[00:07.89]研討會
[00:08.46]MD:OK,let's have a look very briefly at the current depertmental projects.
[00:11.21]總經(jīng)理：好的，我們來簡要地看看各部門目前規(guī)劃的情況。
[00:13.95]Why don't we start with EDP?
[00:15.23]我們何不從電子數(shù)據(jù)處理部開始呢?
[00:16.51]What are you working on at the moment?
[00:17.55]你們目前在進(jìn)行哪方面的工作?
[00:18.60]EDP:we're doing a user study for the installation of the new micros.
[00:20.64]電子數(shù)據(jù)處理部：我們正在進(jìn)行一項安裝新微機(jī)的用戶調(diào)研。
[00:22.67]So we're talking to all the new users at the moment.
[00:24.62]所以現(xiàn)在正與所有的新用戶談。
[00:26.57]MD:right,what about finance?
[00:27.81]總經(jīng)理：好的，財務(wù)部怎么樣?
[00:29.05]I believe you are thinking of changing our accounting system.
[00:31.29]我想你們是在考慮更換我們的會計體系吧?
[00:33.54]FM：Yes,that's right.
[00:34.29]財務(wù)經(jīng)理：對，是這樣。
[00:35.03]We're having problems with the old system so we're looking into a new accounting system.
[00:38.61]舊的會計體系給我們造成許多麻煩，所以我們在研究一種新的會計體系。
[00:42.19]MD:Fine,let's move on to marketing.
[00:43.87]很好。下面，我們來談?wù)勈袌霾康那闆r吧。
[00:45.56]Are you working on any special project?
[00:46.96]你們目前開展有什么具體計劃嗎?
[00:48.35]MM:Not really;but we are planning an advertising campaign for our new product.
[00:50.85]銷售部經(jīng)理：沒有，不過我們正計劃為我們的新產(chǎn)品開展一項宣傳活動。
[00:53.34]MD:Interesting.
[00:54.31]總經(jīng)理：這很不錯。
[00:55.28]I look forward to seeing it.
[00:56.35]我盼著這活動的開展呢。
[00:57.42]What about Production?
[00:58.54]生產(chǎn)部的情況怎么樣?
[00:59.66]PM：Well,as you know,we are currently installing the new automated assembly line.
[01:02.47]生產(chǎn)部經(jīng)理：噢，您知道，目前我們正在安裝新的自動裝配線。
[01:05.28]MD:Of course.You must be pretty busy.
[01:07.04]總經(jīng)理：很好。你們一定很忙。
[01:08.81]Personnel,what are you doing?
[01:10.11]人事部，你們在忙什么呢?
[01:11.42]PeM:We're trying to recruit new young graduates at the moment.
[01:12.91]人事部經(jīng)理：我們現(xiàn)在正設(shè)法招聘新出校門的年輕畢業(yè)生。
[01:14.40]MD:How's that going?
[01:15.28]總經(jīng)理：進(jìn)行得怎么樣?
[01:16.17]PeM:Fine.
[01:16.66]人事部經(jīng)理：挺好。
[01:17.14]MD:Well,the Administration Department is not represented here today.
[01:20.21]總經(jīng)理：很好，今天行政部沒有代表出席。
[01:23.28]They are moving to new offices next week,so they've got their hands full.
[01:26.60]他們下周要搬到新辦公室去，所以騰不出手來。
[01:29.91]Research and Development department is also very busy they're testing the new prototype.
[01:33.77]研究開發(fā)部也特別忙在測試新的樣品。
[01:37.62]That just leaves Transport and Management Services.John?
[01:40.15]這樣就只剩下運(yùn)輸部和管理服務(wù)部了。約翰?
[01:42.69]TM:The Transport Department is rationalizing the distribution network
[01:45.01]運(yùn)輸部經(jīng)理：運(yùn)輸部在對送貨網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行合理化改革
[01:47.34]so we're hoping for some big cost cuts in the near future.
[01:49.44]所以我們盼望著不久的將來就能大大降低成本。
[01:51.54]MD:Good.And Management Service?
[01:52.77]部經(jīng)理：好。那么管理服務(wù)部呢?
[01:54.00]MSM:Well,we haven't got anything we're working on just at the moment.
[01:56.04]管理服務(wù)部經(jīng)理：眼下我們還沒有具體的工作。
[01:58.07]but we are running a series of quality training seminars next month.
[02:00.69]不過下個月要開辦一系列的質(zhì)量培訓(xùn)班。
[02:03.30]MD:Right,that just about covers it.
[02:04.76]總經(jīng)理：好吧，我們要計論的大概就這么多了。
[02:06.22]mission n.
[02:06.80]宗旨
[02:07.37]objectives n.
[02:08.20]目標(biāo)
[02:09.02]stated objectives
[02:09.87]宣稱的目標(biāo)
[02:10.72]real objectives
[02:11.55]真實(shí)的目標(biāo)
[02:12.39]decision n.
[02:13.09]決策
[02:13.80]procedure n.
[02:14.41]程序
[02:15.03]well_structured problems
[02:16.10]結(jié)構(gòu)良好問題
[02:17.17]ill_structured problems
[02:18.24]結(jié)構(gòu)不良問題
[02:19.31]programmed decision
[02:20.32]程序化決策
[02:21.32]non programmed decision
[02:22.35]非程序化決策
[02:23.39]group decision_making
[02:24.29]群體決策
[02:25.19]individual decision-making
[02:26.48]個人決策
[02:27.77]brainstorming
[02:28.56]頭腦風(fēng)暴法
[02:29.34]nominal group technique
[02:30.44]名義群體法
[02:31.54]electronic meeting
[02:32.48]電子會議
[02:33.42]rule n.
[02:34.11]規(guī)則
[02:34.80]policy n.
[02:35.27]政策
[02:35.74]The planning function involves defining an organization's goals.
[02:38.16]計劃職能包括定義組織的目標(biāo)。
[02:40.57]establishing an overall strategy for achieving these goals,
[02:42.80]制定全面戰(zhàn)略以實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)，
[02:45.02]and developing a comprehensive hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
[02:48.35]開發(fā)一個全面的分層計劃體系，以綜合和協(xié)調(diào)各種活動。
[02:51.68]Planning establishes coordinated effort.
[02:53.40]計劃是一種協(xié)調(diào)過程。
[02:55.12]It gives direction,reduces the impact of change,minimizes waste and redundancy,
[02:59.15]它指明方向，減少變化的沖擊，使浪費(fèi)和冗余減至最少，
[03:03.17]and sets the standards used in controlling operations.
[03:05.23]并設(shè)立控制的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[03:07.30]For the most part,operational planning dominates the planning activities of lower_level managers.
[03:11.39]在大多數(shù)情況下，基層管理者的計劃活動主要是制定作業(yè)計劃。
[03:15.47]As managers move up the hierarchy,their planning role becomes more strategy-oriented.
[03:19.17]當(dāng)管理者在組織中的等級上升時，他的計劃角色就更具戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向。
[03:22.87]Strategic plans cover an extensive time period(typically five or more years),
[03:25.78]戰(zhàn)略計劃覆蓋較長的時間(通常為五年或更長)，
[03:28.69]cover broad issues,and include the formulation of objectives.
[03:31.03]涉及廣泛的問題，并包括制定目標(biāo)。
[03:33.37]Operational plans cover shorter periods of time,focus on specifics,
[03:36.33]作業(yè)計劃覆蓋較短的時間，集中于具體的問題。
[03:39.30]and assume that objectives are already known.
[03:41.20]并假定目標(biāo)是已知的。
[03:43.11]Strategic plans cover an extensive time period(typically five or more years),
[03:46.10]戰(zhàn)略計劃覆蓋較長的時間(通常為五年或更長)，
[03:49.09]cover broad issues,and include the formulation of objectives.
[03:51.16]涉及廣泛的問題，并包括制定目標(biāo)。
[03:53.22]Strategic plans
[03:54.00]戰(zhàn)略計劃
[03:54.79]Operation plans
[03:55.59]作業(yè)計劃
[03:56.38]Short_term plans
[03:57.13]短期計劃
[03:57.87]Long_term plans
[03:58.60]長期計劃
[03:59.33]Specific plans
[03:59.96]具體計劃
[04:00.59]Directional plans
[04:01.28]指導(dǎo)性計劃
[04:01.97]Directional plans are preferred over specific plans when uncertainty is high and when the organization is in the formative and the decline stages of its life cycle.
[04:08.78]當(dāng)環(huán)境的不確定性提高，以及當(dāng)組織處于生命周期的形成階段或衰退階段時，指導(dǎo)性計劃比具體計劃更可取。
[04:15.58]Commitment concept means that plans should extend far enough to meet those commitments made today.
[04:19.37]許諾概念是指計劃期限應(yīng)該延伸到足夠遠(yuǎn)，以便在此期限中能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)當(dāng)前的許諾。
[04:23.16]Planning for too long or for too short a period is inefficient.
[04:25.65]計劃對太長的期限和太短的期限都是無效的。
[04:28.15]Three contingency factors in planning include a manager's level in the organization,
[04:31.20]計劃過程存在著三種權(quán)變因素，包括管理者所處的組織層次。
[04:34.26]the degree of environmental uncertainty,and the length of future commitments.
[04:37.09]環(huán)境的不確定性以及未來許諾的時間長度。
[04:39.93]Objectives are the foundation of planning.
[04:41.82]目標(biāo)是計劃的基礎(chǔ)。
[04:43.72]Objectives are desired outcomes for individuals,groups or entire organizations.
[04:46.86]目標(biāo)是個人、小組或整個組織希望的成果。
[04:50.01]Traditional objective setting means that objectives are set at the top and then broken down into subgoals for each level in an organization.
[04:55.43]傳統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)設(shè)定的方法是指目標(biāo)同組織的最高管理者設(shè)定，然后分解成子目標(biāo)落實(shí)到組織的各個層次上。
[05:00.85]The top imposes its standards on everyone below.
[05:03.23]最高管理者將目標(biāo)強(qiáng)加于下屬。
[05:05.61]Management by objectives(MBO)is a system in which specific performance objectives are jointly determined by subordinates and their superiors,
[05:11.69]目標(biāo)管理是一套系統(tǒng)，在這個系統(tǒng)中，下級與他們的上司共同確定具體的績效目標(biāo)。
[05:17.78]progress toward objectives is periodically reviewed,and rewards are allocated on the basis of this progress.
[05:22.70]并且定期檢查完成目標(biāo)的進(jìn)展情況，而獎勵則是根據(jù)目標(biāo)的完成情況來確定的。
[05:27.63]Strategic management process is an eight_step process that encompasses strategic planning,implementation and evaluation.
[05:32.81]戰(zhàn)備管理過程包含八個步驟，是一個制定戰(zhàn)略計劃，實(shí)施戰(zhàn)略和評價戰(zhàn)略的過程。
[05:38.00]In a dynamic and uncertain environment,strategic planning is important.
[05:40.75]在動態(tài)的和不確定的環(huán)境下，戰(zhàn)略計劃是重要的。
[05:43.51]because it can provide managers with a systematic and comprehensive means for analyzing the environment,
[05:48.23]這是因為它能使管理者以系統(tǒng)的和綜合的方式分析環(huán)境，
[05:52.94]assessing their organization's strengths and weaknesses,
[05:55.12]評價組織的優(yōu)勢和劣勢，
[05:57.30]and identifying opportunities for which they could develop and exploit a competitive advantage.
[06:00.65]以及發(fā)現(xiàn)組織有可能具有競爭優(yōu)勢的機(jī)會。
[06:03.99]The term SWOT analysis refers to analyzing the organization's internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats in order to identify a niche that the organization can exploit.
[06:13.11]SWOT分析是指分析組織內(nèi)部的優(yōu)勢和劣勢以及外部的機(jī)會和威脅以便發(fā)現(xiàn)組織能夠開發(fā)的細(xì)分市場。
[06:22.22]The BCG matrix identifies four business groups:stars,cash cows,question marks,and dogs.
[06:26.99]BCG矩陣區(qū)分出四種業(yè)務(wù)組合：吉星，現(xiàn)金牛，問號和瘦狗。
[06:31.76]At the business level,there are four adaptive strategies.
[06:33.80]在事業(yè)層存在四種適應(yīng)戰(zhàn)略。
[06:35.83]Defenders operate in stable environments and produce a limited set of products for a narrow market segment.
[06:41.01]防御者運(yùn)作在穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境中，為狹窄的細(xì)分市場生產(chǎn)有限的一組產(chǎn)品。
[06:46.18]Prospectors operate in a dynamic environment,innovate,and seek flexibility.
[06:49.51]探索者運(yùn)作在運(yùn)態(tài)的環(huán)境中，追求創(chuàng)新和靈活性。
[06:52.84]Analyzers minimize risk and maximize profit opportunities by seeking both flexibility and stability.
[06:56.77]分析者同時尋求靈活性和穩(wěn)定性，使風(fēng)險最小化和利潤機(jī)會最大化。
[07:00.70]Reactors are inconsistent and reluctant to commit themselves to any one specific situation.
[07:04.63]反應(yīng)者不能在任何特定情況下做出前后一致的和果斷的承諾。
[07:08.56]Management assesses its organization's competitive advantage by analyzing the forces that dictate the rules of competition within its industry,
[07:14.46]管理者通過分析產(chǎn)業(yè)中支配競爭規(guī)則的力量，
[07:20.35](barriers to entry,substitutes,bargaining power of buyers and suppliers,and current competitive rivalry),
[07:24.54](進(jìn)入障礙、替代品、購買者和供應(yīng)者的討價能力、競爭者之間的競爭)，
[07:28.73]and then selecting a strategy(cost leadership,differentiation,or focus)that best exploits its competitive advantage.
[07:33.62]然后選擇最能發(fā)揮競爭優(yōu)勢的競爭戰(zhàn)略(成本領(lǐng)先，差別化，專一化戰(zhàn)略)。
[07:38.50]And then selecting a strategy(cost leadership,differentiation,or focus)that best exploits competitive advantage.
[07:43.14]選擇最能發(fā)揮競爭優(yōu)勢的競爭戰(zhàn)略(成本領(lǐng)先、差別化、專一戰(zhàn)略)。
[07:47.77]corporate_level strategy
[07:48.91]公司層戰(zhàn)略
[07:50.05]stability strategy
[07:50.88]穩(wěn)定性戰(zhàn)略
[07:51.72]growth strategy
[07:52.39]增長戰(zhàn)略
[07:53.05]retrenchment strategy
[07:53.87]收縮戰(zhàn)略
[07:54.70]combination strategy
[07:55.55]組合戰(zhàn)略
[07:56.40]business_level strategy
[07:57.23]事業(yè)層戰(zhàn)略
[07:58.07]adaptive strategy
[07:59.01]適應(yīng)戰(zhàn)略
[07:59.95]competitive strategy
[08:00.80]競爭戰(zhàn)略
[08:01.65]cost_leadership strategy
[08:02.64]成本領(lǐng)先戰(zhàn)略
[08:03.63]differentiation strategy
[08:04.66]專一化戰(zhàn)略
[08:05.69]focus strategy
[08:06.45]專一化戰(zhàn)略
[08:07.21]functional_level strategy
[08:08.08]職能層戰(zhàn)略
