BBC News:世界首款觸覺仿生手被成功移植

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Amputees who have lost their arms have long been able with prosthetic hands to pick upobjects. But to feel those objects has been impossible until now. A team of Europeanscientists has come up with a way to create a bionic hand that allows the amputee to feel lifelikesensations from their fingers. Our medical correspondent Fergus Walsh met the scientists andthe man who learned once again what it was like to experience the shape, hardness andsoftness of objects in his grip.

長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，失去胳膊的截肢患者可以借助義肢拿取物品，但卻不能產(chǎn)生觸感。直到現(xiàn)在，歐洲科學(xué)家提出發(fā)明仿生手的方法，使患者能夠 通過(guò)手指獲得觸感。我們的醫(yī)學(xué)記者費(fèi)格斯·沃爾什采訪了發(fā)明仿生手的科學(xué)家以及重獲觸覺的患者。目前，該患者能夠感受到手中物體的形狀、硬度和柔軟度。

"This is the first time an amputee has been able to get real time sensory feedback from theirprosthetic fingers direct to their brain. And so the patient was able to be blindfolded and pick upa plastic cup and know it was a plastic cup and then pick up a wooden brick and know thatthey were picking up something hard, so they had the difference between hard and soft. Andthat's the first time that that's been possible. And the real advance here was not in the handitself but in the computer software and the algorithms we use to transform and transform theelectrical signals from sensors in the fingers of the artificial hand into impulses which could beread by the brain. And so the patient had to go in and have surgery in Italy, to have electrodesimplanted in the upper arm. Then he had the hand fitted and then connected to a lot ofexternal wiring. He went through a month of tests in Rome to see whether this thing workedand…"

“這是世界上首款給截肢患者的大腦實(shí)時(shí)傳感反饋的假肢?；颊弑幻勺‰p眼，拿起一個(gè)塑料杯，就能知道手中之物是塑料 杯，再拿起木塊，就能知道手中是硬物，他們能感受軟硬的區(qū)別，這是前所未有的突破。然而，真正的先進(jìn)性不只在仿生手上，而體現(xiàn)在我們使用的計(jì)算機(jī)軟件和算 法上，通過(guò)仿生手指中的傳感器，將電信號(hào)傳到大腦神經(jīng)中。另外，患者必須去意大利進(jìn)行手術(shù)，將電極移植到上臂中，然后裝上仿生手，接上許多外部配線。他在 羅馬進(jìn)行了為期一個(gè)月的試驗(yàn)，來(lái)測(cè)試整個(gè)系統(tǒng)是否成功……”

"Oh, I see. So that's what provided the algorithms."

“我明白了。也就是這個(gè)系統(tǒng)提供了計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)算法則。”

"That's right. So he had to undergo a month of laboratory testing."

“是的。他必須經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)月的實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試。”

"So the scientists were excited clearly. What about the patient himself?"

“顯然，科學(xué)家們都很激動(dòng)，那么患者本人呢?”

"Well, I met Denis Abo, a 36-year old man from Denmark. He, about a decade ago he had anaccident with a firework which led to his left hand being amputated. And they describe him as ahero because he had to undergo not one surgery, but two operations because he did a monthof test with this hand and it all had to be removed. He was amazed by it. He loved it. Soexplained to me how he underwent these tests wearing a blindfold and earplugs with differentobjects put in his hand and suddenly after nearly a decade he was able to get some of the allsensation back that he had in his original hand."

“患者名叫丹尼斯·阿博，男，36歲，丹麥人。大約10年前，他在煙花爆竹事故中失去了左 手。他們都認(rèn)為他是英雄，因?yàn)樗恢灰鲆淮问中g(shù)，而是兩次，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)月的測(cè)試后，仿生手不得不被暫時(shí)移除。他對(duì)仿生手感到很吃驚，也很喜歡。他向我講述 了測(cè)試的全過(guò)程，他當(dāng)時(shí)戴著眼罩和耳塞，感受手中不同的物品，10年后，他的觸感突然回來(lái)了。”

"Amazing to suddenly feel things that are round or circled or hard or soft. You can use it andfeel what's happening without looking at your hand."

“突然能感受到各種物品，圓形的，圈狀的，硬的，軟的，我很開心。不用看就知道手里拿了什么樣的物品。”