思馬得英語100個(gè)句子學(xué)英語語法（29）：關(guān)于完成時(shí)態(tài)的注意點(diǎn)

　　<例句>

　　I won't believe you until I've seen you in the room with my own eyes.

　　我要親眼見到你在這個(gè)屋子里才相信你。

　　<語法分析>

　　在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)代替將來完成時(shí)。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，可接表示段的時(shí)間狀語。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但不接表示段的時(shí)間狀語。有時(shí)在口語中，可用一般過去時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。有些動(dòng)詞，如hope, plan, mean, expect和think等有時(shí)可用過去完成時(shí)來表示一個(gè)本來打算做而未做，曾經(jīng)設(shè)想而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情。在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，過去完成時(shí)可代替過去將來完成時(shí)。

　　<觸類旁通>

　　(1) He has got constant help from her since he has known her.

　　自從他認(rèn)識(shí)她以來，他一直得到她的幫助。

　　語法分析：為了強(qiáng)調(diào)從句謂語動(dòng)詞從過去某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。

　　(2) I have never heard of her since she left.

　　自她離開后湖，我從未聽說過她。

　　語法分析：since從句如果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞一定是延續(xù)性的，如果是非延續(xù)性的，則只能用一般過去時(shí)。

　　(3) The vistors have stayed here for three days.

　　來訪者在這兒住了三天。

　　語法分析：延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，可接表示段的時(shí)間狀語。

　　(4) The young man has joined the Party.

　　這年輕人入了黨。

　　語法分析：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但不接表示段的時(shí)間狀語。

　　(5) I had intended to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so.

　　我本打算來看望你，但受阻沒有來成。

　　語法分析：用過去完成時(shí)來表示一個(gè)本來打算做而未做，曾經(jīng)設(shè)想而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情。

　　(6) We would get into trouble as soon as the water had run out.

　　水一用完，我們就會(huì)陷入困境。

　　語法分析：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，過去完成時(shí)可代替過去將來完成時(shí)。

　　<鞏固練習(xí)>

　　(1) When you _____[learn] computer, you'll find it a bridge to so much knowledge.

　　(2) The film _____[put] on at this cinema for three days.

　　(3) I _____[meet] him twice this morning.

　　(4) I _____[hear] of you before.

　　(5) This is the most wonderful film I ____[see}.

　　(6) In the last few years there _____[be] great changes in computers.

　　(7) She must _____[be] here last week.

　　(8) He should _____[let] us through the forest yesterday evening.

　　(9) The old man _____[live] here since 1980.

　　<參考答案>

　　(1) have learned (2) has been put (3) have met (4) have heard (5) have ever seen (6) have been (7) have seen (8) have let (9) has lived