<例句>
She said that she must speak with her master.
她說(shuō)她必須和她的主人講。
<語(yǔ)法分析>
在間接引語(yǔ)里,must用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),當(dāng)must作“推測(cè)”或“偏偏”講時(shí),都可以用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。在將來(lái)時(shí)里可以用must,但也可以用shall (will) have to。一般情況下,在過(guò)去時(shí)里可以用had to代替must。當(dāng)要 表達(dá)“絕對(duì)不可,不許”時(shí),must的否定形式是must not,當(dāng)表示推測(cè)時(shí),其否定形式為cannot。must與have to一般可以通用,但在表示客觀條件使然使用have to,表示主觀認(rèn)為的責(zé)任或義務(wù)時(shí)用must。
<觸類旁通>
(1) You mustn't smoke in class.
上課不準(zhǔn)吸煙。
語(yǔ)法分析:must的否定形式表示“絕對(duì)不可,禁止,不許”等,have to的否定形式則表示不必。
(2) You must answer my questions in English.
你必須用英語(yǔ)回答我提出的問(wèn)題。
語(yǔ)法分析:表示命令時(shí),用must。
(3) You must try your best to do it.
你必須盡最大努力去做。
語(yǔ)法分析:用must表示主觀上的責(zé)任或義務(wù)。
(4) You must pay the money, but you needn't do so at once.
你必須付錢,但不必現(xiàn)在就付。
語(yǔ)法分析:作“必須”講時(shí),must的否定形式為needn't。
(5) His father msut have left for Shanghai yesterday.
他爸爸昨天必定去上海了。
語(yǔ)法分析:作“推測(cè)”時(shí),must可以用在過(guò)去時(shí)里。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
(1) You _____ see what the authorities have to say.
(2) She decided that the she ______ try to be on the side of the winner's.
(3) You ______ smoke, must you?
(4) I _____ take care of my father every day.
(5) I must save money, _____ I?
(6) they _____ be twins.
<參考答案>
(1) must (2) must (3) mustn't (4) have to (5) mustn't (6) must