<例句>
They were at dinner when I called.
我打電話時(shí)他們正在吃飯。
<語法分析>
be+某些介詞短語,在時(shí)態(tài)上相當(dāng)于進(jìn)行時(shí),這些介詞短語有be at sth.,be in sth.,be under sth.,be on sth.和be after sth.等。在與表示感情的形容詞連用時(shí),at可以代替“聽”、“看”等動(dòng)詞。在與go,come和return等動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),for可以代替后面表示“目的”的動(dòng)詞。for在與start,leave和set等詞連用時(shí),相當(dāng)于漢語的“走”、“到”、“往”等意思。還有些介詞短語可代替動(dòng)詞不定式短語,作定語。
<觸類旁通>
(1)What are you at now?
你在干什么?
語法分析:be at sth.表示在干什么事情。
(2)Matter is always in motion.
事物時(shí)時(shí)刻刻在運(yùn)動(dòng)。
語法分析:be in sth.表示進(jìn)行的事情。
(3)Chickens are on sale.
小雞在出售。
語法分析:be+某些介詞短語,在時(shí)態(tài)上相當(dāng)于進(jìn)行時(shí)。
(4)He was greatly surprised at the bad news.
他聽到這個(gè)壞消息大吃一驚。
語法分析:在表示感情的形容詞連用時(shí),at可以代替“聽”、“看”等動(dòng)詞。
(5)She is also invited to the hall.
她也被邀請(qǐng)參加這個(gè)舞會(huì)。
語法分析:to在與go,come,invite等動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),可以代替“出席”、“參加”等動(dòng)詞。
(6)She has left Japan for America.
她已離開日本去往美國了。
語法分析:for在與start,leave和set等詞連用時(shí),相當(dāng)于漢語的“走”、“到”“往”等意思。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
(1)The students were very glad _____ the film.
(2)She has gone _____ a meeting.
(3)He came _____ his wallet.
(4)I am going out _____ dinner.
(5)She set traps _____ mice.
(6)I'll start _____ England at six early tomorrow morning.
(7)I am _____ the plan.
(8)My brother is _____ school.
(9)It's time _____ breakefast.
(10)She often writes _____ my pen.
(11)I go to work _____ bike.
<參考答案>
(1)at (2)to (3)for (4)for (5)for (6)for (7)for (8)at (9)for (10)with (11)by