<例句>
Dancing bored him.
跳舞使他厭煩。
<語法分析>
動名詞直接做主語。有時,動名詞前可有一個代詞或名詞所有格表示其邏輯上的主語,有時還可名詞化,前面帶有冠詞。句子的主語除了可用動名詞表示之外,還可以用其他成分來表示,如數(shù)詞、代詞、名詞、不定式、詞組、從句或名詞化的其他詞類等。it可用作人稱代詞和非人稱代詞,也可用來對句子的某一成分加以強調(diào)。
<觸類旁通>
(1)Are there other universes outside our own?
我們的宇宙之外還有別的宇宙嗎?
語法分析:名詞作主語。
(2)Nobody knows the answer.
沒有人知道答案是什么。
語法分析:代詞作主語。
(3)Two-thirds of them are college students.
他們中間三分之二是大學(xué)生。
語法分析:數(shù)詞作主語。
(4)What she saw gave her a little fright.
她看到的情況使她吃了一驚。
語法分析:從句作主語。
(5)It's no use asking me.
問我沒有用。
語法分析:先行詞it作形式主語,真正的主語放在句子后面,從而使句子平穩(wěn)。
(6)Who was it that called the meeting?
召集會議的是誰?
語法分析:用it對句子的主語加以強調(diào),還可以強調(diào)其他成分。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
(1)_____ [go] to the movies is a popular pastime.
(2)Their _____[come] to help was a great encouragement to us.
(3)It is any good _____[try]?
(4)It is an offence _____[drop] litter in the street.
(5)Not ______[be] punctual makes him unreliable.
(6)_____ was you who had been wrong.
(7)It costs 100 dollars _____[repair] the car.
<參考答案>
(1)Going (2)coming (3)trying (4)to drop (5)being (6)It (7)to repair