<一> 例句
An iron and steel workds, with several venhicle factories, is being built in that city.
在這個(gè)城市正在修建一座鋼鐵廠和幾家車輛公司。
<二> 語法分析
這個(gè)句子里的主語是單數(shù),雖然后面跟有with引導(dǎo)的短語,但因?yàn)檫@種短語多為修飾語,所以謂語仍用單數(shù)形式,也就是句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞一致。主謂一致是謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)的方面和主語保持一致。主謂一致在人稱方面比較簡單,因而復(fù)雜的是二者在數(shù)的方面的一致關(guān)系。
<三> 觸類旁通
(1)The suggestion put forward by the scientists has been accepted.
科學(xué)家們提的提議被接受了。
語法分析:主語和謂語的一致,要不受修飾語的影響。
(2)Training drivers is not an easy task.
訓(xùn)練司機(jī)不是一件容易的工作。
語法分析:由一個(gè)抽象概念作句子的主語,一般要用單數(shù)謂語。
(3)To try and fail is better than not to try at all.
嘗試而失敗要比根本不去嘗試好。
語法分析:當(dāng)主語是and連接的兩個(gè)名詞時(shí),在指一樣?xùn)|西時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語,若指兩樣?xùn)|西則用復(fù)數(shù)謂語。
(4)Somebody wants to see you.
有人要見你。
語法分析:由each, some, any, no以及every等構(gòu)成的代詞作主語時(shí),謂語要用單數(shù)形式。
(5)The committee is to deal with the matter.
委員會(huì)將處理這件事情。
語法分析:有些集體名詞可以跟單數(shù)謂語,也可以跟復(fù)數(shù)謂語,作整體講跟單數(shù)謂語,著重于包含的復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)成員時(shí),可以跟復(fù)數(shù)謂語。
<四> 鞏固練習(xí)
1. Mumps [be] fairly rare in adults.
2. Mathematics [be] a subject studied nearly in every school.
3. The species of rose [be] very rare.
4. A high proportion of Americans [go] to college.
5. Most bacteria [grow] best in slightly acid medium.
6. So all [be] well.
參考答案:
1. are(is) 2. is 3. is 4. go 5. grow 6. is