1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have(has)+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成,第三人稱單數(shù)用has,其他情況下都用have:
He (She, The boy) has gone home
他(她,那男孩)回家了。
I (You, We, They) have made a mistake.
我(你,我們,他們)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。
2.和過(guò)去式一樣,過(guò)去分詞也有兩類,規(guī)則動(dòng)詞)加-ed構(gòu)成,不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有各自不同的形式,如do一done, find—found, see—seen, hear—heard。
3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要表示:
1)已發(fā)生且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作:
Who has broken the glass?
誰(shuí)把玻璃杯打破了?(杯子破了)
I haven't had my breakfast yet.
我還沒(méi)吃早飯。(有些餓)
He's already left for the airport.
他已動(dòng)身去機(jī)場(chǎng)。(不在家)
2)現(xiàn)在以前這段時(shí)間發(fā)生的情況:
She's just phoned.
她剛打電話來(lái)。
There has been an accident.
出了車禍了。
They have put up hundreds of tall buildings.
他們蓋了數(shù)以百計(jì)的高樓。
3)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài):
She has been here for two years.
她在這里已經(jīng)有兩年了。
The meeting has already lasted for 3 hours.
會(huì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)了三個(gè)小時(shí)了。
We have lived here for over ten years.
我們?cè)谶@里住了十多年了。
若有表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)則不能使用這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。另外have (has)got+有特殊意義,表示“有”:
How many brothers have you got?
你有多少兄弟?
He hasn't got a car.
他沒(méi)有汽車。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定、否定、疑問(wèn)及簡(jiǎn)易回答形式可表示如下:
1.肯定句
I(We, You, They)have done it.
2.否定句
I(We, You, They)haven't done it.
He (She) has left.
He(She) hasn't left.
I (We, You, They) haven't.
3.疑問(wèn)句
Has he (she) left?
Have I (We, You, They) have done it?
4.簡(jiǎn)短回答
Yes, he (she) has.
he (she) hasn't.
No, I (We, You, They) haven't.
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