第四章 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　語(yǔ)態(tài)是謂語(yǔ)的一種形式，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，若主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　Everybody respects him.

　　大家都尊敬他。(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

　　He is respected by everybody.

　　他受到大家的尊敬。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

　　被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)由be的各種形式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)：

　　1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

　　What is it called?

　　它叫什么名寧?

　　Oranges are grown on these hills.

　　這些小山上種有橘子樹。

　　2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

　　He was born in Shanghai.

　　他是在上海出生的。

　　They were pleased by these words.

　　聽(tīng)了這些話他們很高興。

　　3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：

　　Who will be sent to work there?

　　將派誰(shuí)去那里工作?

　　Shall we be invited to the party?

　　要邀請(qǐng)我們參加晚會(huì)嗎?

　　4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

　　The case is being investigated.

　　這案了正在調(diào)查。

　　These problems are being discussed.

　　這些問(wèn)題正在討論。

　　5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

　　It has been translated into many languages.

　　這書被譯成了許多語(yǔ)言。

　　Has anybody been hurt?

　　有誰(shuí)受傷了嗎?

　　6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

　　The road was then being widened.

　　那時(shí)路正在加寬。

　　A party was being held in the next room.

　　隔壁房間正在開(kāi)晚會(huì)。

　　7.過(guò)去完成時(shí)：

　　He said that the meeting had been postponed.

　　他說(shuō)會(huì)議延期了。

　　I didn't know he had been fired.

　　我不知道他被解雇了。

　　P.S:還有一些時(shí)態(tài)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)候比較少，有些時(shí)態(tài)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。