英語聽力原文:
In the late 1960's, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized.
60年代后期,許多悲沒人把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了環(huán)境問題,那些嶄新的玻璃鋼摩天大樓受到了廣泛的批評。
Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities. Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electirc power.
生態(tài)學(xué)家指出,城市中密集的高層建筑經(jīng)常給公共交通與停車場的承載能力造成過重的負(fù)擔(dān)。摩天大樓還是電能的過度消費者與浪費者。
In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts - enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.
最近的某一年,紐約市摩天寫字樓1,700萬英尺辦公面積的增加使電能的最高日需求量提高了120,000千瓦。這些電能足以供紐約的整個奧爾巴尼市使用一天。
Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board.
玻璃表面的摩天大樓特別地浪費。通過半英寸的平板玻璃墻壁損失(或增加)的熱量是典型的加入絕緣板的石墻所允許的熱量損失(或增加)的十倍以上。
To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.
為了減輕取暖設(shè)備或空調(diào)設(shè)備的壓力,摩天大樓的建造者們已經(jīng)開始使用雙面上釉的玻璃鑲板和涂上了金色或銀色反光薄膜的反光玻璃,來減少強光照射和熱量的增加;但是,鏡面的摩天大樓會提高周圍空氣的溫度并會對附近的建筑物產(chǎn)生影響。
Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city's sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year - as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000.
摩天大樓也對城市的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施造成了沉重的壓力。單單紐約市的兩個世界貿(mào)易中心大樓如果完全被占滿的話,每年就會產(chǎn)生2,250,000加侖的污水。這相當(dāng)于康涅狄格州的斯坦福市這樣大的城市一年所產(chǎn)生的污水量,而康州的斯坦福市擁有109,000人口。
英語詞匯整理:
1. skyscraper n. 摩天大樓
eg: A new skyscraper has been put up downtown.
市中心又建起了一座摩天大廈。
相關(guān)短語:
office skyscraper 摩天辦公大樓
2. criticize vt. 批評,批判;評論,評價
eg: Would you like to read and criticize my new novel?
您愿意閱讀并評論一下我的新小說嗎?
相關(guān)短語:
criticize for 因……指責(zé)(某人)
criticize by name 點名批評
3. cluster n. 串,簇;群,組 vi. 群集,叢生 vt. 集中
eg: The students clustered their tents together.
學(xué)生們把帳篷集中搭在一起。
相關(guān)短語:
a cluster of 一群;一組;一串
cluster round 緊緊環(huán)繞
cluster together 集中
詞語用法:
a cluster of表示“一串,一群……”時,要注意句中主謂語的一致性,如a cluster of flowers對應(yīng)的謂語是is,而不是are,因cluster是主語,為單數(shù)。
詞義辨析:
cluster, bunch, group這組詞都可表示聚集在一起的人或物。其區(qū)別是:
1. bunch指同類的物件(生物)串或綁在一起,即“一束,一串”,強調(diào)不可分離性,在現(xiàn)代英語中也指一群人;group指同類的一群人(物)聚集在一起,即“群,組,批”,它可表示有意的也可表示無意的,量也可多可少。
2. cluster與bunch同義,可互換使用。
4. capacity n. 容量;才能,能力;身份,職位
eg: What is the capacity of this jug?
這個水壺的容積多大?
相關(guān)短語:
capacity as 作為……的資格
capacity for ……的能力
capacity of 具有……容量
beyond the capacity of 為……能力所不及
in the capacity of 作為,以……的資格
within one's capacity 在……能力之內(nèi)
5. lavish adj. 大方的,豐富的,浪費的 vt. 浪費,慷慨給予
eg: It is a mistake to lavish kindness ungrateful people.
對于不領(lǐng)情的人來說浪費感情是一種錯誤。
相關(guān)短語:
lavish on 大肆花費
be lavish in someone's praise 極力稱贊某人……
6. masonry n. 施工技術(shù),石屋
eg: Masonry is a careful skill.
磚石工藝是一種精心的技藝
相關(guān)短語:
masonry structure 磚石建筑物;石工結(jié)構(gòu)
masonry wall 砌石墻;砌筑墻
stone masonry 砌石;石圬工
7. insulation n. 絕緣,隔離,孤立
eg: High electricity bills point to a poor heating system or bad insulation.
高額的電費賬單表明供暖系統(tǒng)較差或者是隔熱材料不好。
相關(guān)短語:
thermal insulation 隔熱;絕熱;熱絕緣
heat insulation 絕熱
insulation material 絕緣材料
sound insulation 隔音;隔音材料
insulation layer 絕緣層
8. reflective adj. 反射的,反映的,沉思的
eg: I walked on in a reflective mood to the car, thinking about the poor honeymooners.
我若有所思地朝那輛汽車走去,心里想著那些可憐的度蜜月的人們。
相關(guān)短語:
reflective teaching 反映性教學(xué)
reflective mirror 反光鏡
reflective glass 反光玻璃
reflective tape 反光帶
9. sanitation n. 公共衛(wèi)生,衛(wèi)生設(shè)施
eg: They live in conditions of appalling sanitation.
他們在十分惡劣的衛(wèi)生條件下生活。
相關(guān)短語:
environmental sanitation 環(huán)境衛(wèi)生
food sanitation 食品衛(wèi)生
sanitation worker 環(huán)衛(wèi)工人
10. facility n. 設(shè)備,設(shè)施,才能,資質(zhì),靈巧,熟練
eg: He has great facility in learning languages.
他很有學(xué)習(xí)語言的才能。
相關(guān)短語:
facility for 用于……的設(shè)備
with facility 輕易地,熟練地
have great facility 很有才能
佳句采摘:
Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.
生態(tài)學(xué)家指出,城市中密集的高層建筑經(jīng)常給公共交通與停車場的承載能力造成過重的負(fù)擔(dān)。
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