那些無法抗拒的名篇02:Hamlet 哈姆雷特
02 哈姆雷特
Ham：
哈姆雷特:
To be, or not to be—that is the question;
生存還是毀滅，這是一個問題;
Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
一個高貴的靈魂是該去承受
狂暴命運(yùn)的無情摧殘，
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
還是該挺身去反抗那無邊的煩惱，
And by opposing end them? To die, to sleep-
并將它們一掃而凈?死了，睡了—
No more, and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks
不再有了;如果睡眠能結(jié)束我們心靈的創(chuàng)傷和
That flesh is heir to'tis a consummation
肉體所承受的上百種痛苦，這結(jié)局倒也圓滿
Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep,
倒也得償所愿。死了，睡了;
To sleep, perchance to dream. Ay, there's the rub;
可睡著了或許還會做夢。這就麻煩了;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come，
當(dāng)我們蛻去了這塵世的軀殼后
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
在那死亡之眠中又會有怎樣的夢呢
Must give us pause. There's the respect
得好好想想?？删褪沁@點(diǎn)顧慮
That makes calamity of so long life;
使人終身受折磨。
For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,
有誰愿意去忍受時光的鞭打與嘲弄
Th'oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,
壓迫者的不仁，高傲者的鄙夷
The pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay,
忍受那失戀的痛苦，正義遙不可期
The insolence of office, and the spurns
官員們的傲慢，辛勞奉獻(xiàn)后卻換來多少凌辱
That patient merit of th' unworthy takes,
而只要一把小小的匕首他就可以
When he himself might his quietus make
解脫了。誰愿意去肩負(fù)重?fù)?dān)，
With a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear
在煩勞生活的壓力下呻吟、流汗，
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
可是對死后又感到恐懼
But that the dread of something after death-
從來沒有任何人從死亡的
The undiscover' d country, from whose bourn
國土里回來—因此動搖了，
No traveler returns-puzzles the will，
使我們寧愿忍受目前的苦難
And makes us rather bear those ills we have
而不愿投奔向另一些未知的痛苦?
Than fly to others that we know not of?
于是顧慮使我們變成了懦夫。
Thus conscience does make cowards of us all;
那決斷時無畏的血色
And thus the native hue of resolution
染了層思想多慮的病容
Is sicklied o' er with the pale cast of thought,
那許多偉大的事業(yè)與時刻
And enterprises of great pith and moment
就是在這顧慮之下
With this regard, their currents turn awry
改變了初衷
And lose the name of action.
喪失了行動的能力。
作者介紹：
威廉·莎士比亞(1564-1616)是世界上最杰出的戲劇家和詩人之一。他一生共創(chuàng)作了38個劇本，154首十四行詩及兩首長詩。他是世界文學(xué)史上的巨擘。他認(rèn)為文學(xué)應(yīng)該是真、善、美的結(jié)合，應(yīng)該反映人性與現(xiàn)實。
《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亞最負(fù)盛名的一部悲劇。丹麥王子哈姆雷特深陷在厭世情緒中，因為他父王的去世和他母后倉促地改嫁新任國王——他的叔叔克勞迪斯。隨后哈姆雷特的父王在他面前顯靈，并告訴他自己是克勞迪斯謀殺的?？藙诘纤惯€篡取了王位并霸占了王后，同時激勵王子為自己不該發(fā)生的慘劇而復(fù)仇。可是哈姆雷特不具備當(dāng)時復(fù)仇者那種頭腦簡單而嗜血成性的品格，他多疑而又好沉思，因此每當(dāng)他采取行動時，總是以失敗告終。以下節(jié)選的片段是劇中最負(fù)盛名的王子獨(dú)白，細(xì)膩地揭示了哈姆雷特內(nèi)心的思想與復(fù)仇的行動所產(chǎn)生的矛盾。
