世界節(jié)假日博覽 第24期:達(dá)爾文日

　　February the 12th is Darwin Day. It is to celebrate the anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin on February 12, 1809 and his life as a scientist. This day also aims to encourage children to get into science. Darwin was one of the world’s greatest scientists and greatly changed the way we look at how we got here. His theory of evolution is one of the most important theories ever. Scientists first came together to recognize and discuss Darwin’s contribution to science in 1909. Today, there are many events on Darwin Day all over the world. These include dinner parties with special recipes for evolutionary soup, recreations of Darwin’s journey in his ship the Beagle, and Darwin festivals.

　　每年的2月12日是達(dá)爾文日。這一天是科學(xué)家達(dá)爾文的誕辰紀(jì)念日，達(dá)爾文出生于1809年的2月12日。該日舉辦的目的也是為了鼓勵(lì)孩子投身科學(xué)。達(dá)爾文是全球最偉大的科學(xué)家之一，他徹徹底底地改變了人類(lèi)看待自己祖先的問(wèn)題。他的進(jìn)化論是史上最為重要的理論之一。1909年，科學(xué)家首次認(rèn)識(shí)，并開(kāi)始討論達(dá)爾文對(duì)科學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)。如今，全球會(huì)在這一天舉辦許多活動(dòng)。包括用特殊食譜所制作的“進(jìn)化湯”晚宴，在小獵犬號(hào)船上舉辦的達(dá)爾文之旅活動(dòng)，以及達(dá)爾文慶?；顒?dòng)。

　　Darwin was an English naturalist who had a passion for nature. Through his studies, he realized that all species of life evolved over time from common cells billions of years ago. He sailed around the world observing and drawing animals to demonstrate this. He published a book on his findings, “On the Origin of the Species”, which is accepted by most scientists as the theory of evolution. It is still the foundation of biology and provides a logical explanation for the diversity of life on Earth. He described the process of how new species started as ‘natural selection’, or ‘the survival of the fittest’. Darwin is buried in London’s Westminster Abbey, close to another great British scientist Sir Isaac Newton.

　　達(dá)爾文是一名英國(guó)自然學(xué)家，他酷愛(ài)自然。他通過(guò)研究認(rèn)識(shí)到十幾億年前，所有生物都是通過(guò)普通細(xì)胞進(jìn)化而成的。為了證明這一結(jié)論，他環(huán)游世界，對(duì)動(dòng)物進(jìn)行觀察和繪畫(huà)。他還將其發(fā)現(xiàn)出版成書(shū)，名字叫做“物種起源”，絕大部分科學(xué)家都認(rèn)可這一結(jié)論，并將其看成是進(jìn)化理論。如今，這一理論仍然是生物學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)，并對(duì)地球上的生物多樣性提供了邏輯解釋。他將新物種的開(kāi)始稱(chēng)作是“自然選擇”，或是“適者生存”。達(dá)爾文死后被埋葬于倫敦的威斯敏斯特教堂，旁邊是另一位英國(guó)偉大的科學(xué)家牛頓。

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