【BBC紀(jì)錄片】凡爾賽宮 第50期：為時(shí)已晚 覆水難收

It was too late for Louis to play the reformer.

路易再想扮演改革者就已經(jīng)太遲了

Years of erotic self-indulgence, along with failed wars

多年荒淫糜爛的生活 失敗的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

and bungled diplomacy,

及笨拙的外交政策

had cemented his subjects' opinion of him,

早已使民眾確信他是

a bad king and a bad man.

一位不稱(chēng)職的國(guó)王和一個(gè)壞人

Louis XV, towards the end of his reign, is sunk in vice,

路易十五 在他執(zhí)政后期積重難返

and the people of Paris and the courtiers

巴黎民眾和大臣

are all very well aware that he has, somehow,

都或多或少了解

taken the path of personal pleasure

他沉迷于個(gè)人享樂(lè)

and not been a very successful king.

沒(méi)有多大的建樹(shù)和功績(jī)

His reforms are falling flat,

他的改革落空

he's got a mistress who is, frankly,

他找了一名情婦 坦白說(shuō)

not of courtly rank,

并不是一名貴族

and he's simply not kingly.

且他也不再如國(guó)王般受人尊敬

On top of it all, on Easter Sunday, 1774,

之外 在1774年的復(fù)活節(jié)星期日

The Abbe Beauvais,

神父博韋

the most eloquent sermoniser at the court of Louis XV,

路易十五時(shí)期最能言善辯的布道者

makes this devastating sermon.

做了一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難性的布道

一.along：prep.沿著, 順著 adv.向前, 一起

【語(yǔ)法用法】

作為介詞時(shí)，與名詞road，river，corridor，line等連用，常指那些有這細(xì)長(zhǎng)外形的名詞。

I saw her running along the road.

涉及到時(shí)期或活動(dòng)時(shí)，常用through，如through thecenturies(NOT along the centuries)和all throughthe journey(NOT all along the journey)。

【詞義辨析】

across, along, over, through

這些前置詞均有“橫過(guò)、穿過(guò)”之意。

across指“從……的一邊到另一邊”，強(qiáng)調(diào)橫過(guò)，多與動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。

along指沿著一條直線在水平方向上運(yùn)動(dòng)。一般表動(dòng)態(tài)，有時(shí)也與靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。

over常和動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，指“從……上面越過(guò)”或“橫越”;表靜態(tài)時(shí)，指“在彼處”。

through側(cè)重從一端穿到另一端。

【例句用法】

Growing along the river are tall palm trees.

沿著這條河生長(zhǎng)的是高大的棕樹(shù)。

We bicycled along, singing loudly.

我們騎著腳踏車(chē)前進(jìn)，大聲歌唱著。

We walked along the road.

我們沿著路走。

二.reform：n.改革, 改良 v.改革, 革新, 改造

【詞義辨析】

reform, transform

這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞均含“改革、改變、改造”之意。

reform指去惡揚(yáng)善、棄舊圖新，使變得完美，多用于社會(huì)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)方面，如體制、法律、機(jī)構(gòu)等的改革。

transform指既改變外部形體，又改變內(nèi)部性質(zhì)或功能。

【例句用法】

They made a clamor for reform.

他們強(qiáng)烈要求改革。

Our reform made an inexorable march of progress.

我們的改革取得了勢(shì)不可擋的進(jìn)展。

This judge is a strong advocate of prison reform.

這位法官是監(jiān)獄改革的堅(jiān)決擁護(hù)者。

Strikes by prison officers underline the need for reform in our gaols.

監(jiān)獄工作人員罷工一事，突出地表明我們的監(jiān)獄制度需要改革。

Legislative reform is long overdue.

立法方面的改革早該進(jìn)行。

Many reforms must be made to the education system.

教育體制要作許多改革。

You have had every chance to reform.

你是一直有改過(guò)自新的機(jī)會(huì)的。