異類之不一樣的成功啟示錄 第131期:假設(shè)場(chǎng)景

The linguists Ute Fischer and Judith Orasanu, for example, once gave the following hypothetic scenario to a group of captains and first officers and asked them how they would respond:

語(yǔ)言學(xué)家烏特費(fèi)舍和朱迪斯奧若薩駑曾經(jīng)給一組機(jī)長(zhǎng)和副駕設(shè)置了一系列的假設(shè)場(chǎng)景，讓他們?yōu)楫?dāng)時(shí)的情景做出回應(yīng)：

You notice on the weather radar an area of heavy precipitation 25 miles ahead.

你注意到氣候雷達(dá)的提示，前方25英里將會(huì)遭遇暴風(fēng)雨，

The pilot is maintaining his present course at Mach. 73,

但飛行員還在維持在目前0.73馬赫的速度飛行，

even though embedded thunderstorms have been reported in your area and you encounter moderate turbulence.

甚至你已經(jīng)接到報(bào)告說(shuō)飛機(jī)已進(jìn)入雷雨區(qū)域，你們正在經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)中度的震蕩，

You want to ensure that your aircraft will not penetrate this area.

你想讓飛機(jī)飛離這塊區(qū)域。

Question: what do you say to the pilot?

問題：你該對(duì)飛行員說(shuō)些什么？

In Fischer and Orasanu's mind, there are at least six ways to try to persuade the pilot to change course and avoid the bad weather,

按照費(fèi)舍和奧若薩魯?shù)南敕ǎ癸w行員改變航向并避免惡劣氣候的說(shuō)服方式至少有六種，

each with different levels of mitigation.

任何一種都不同程度地表現(xiàn)了舒緩語(yǔ)氣。

No 1. Command: "Turn 30 degrees right."

1、命令：“向右轉(zhuǎn)30度。”

That's the most direct and explicit way of making a point imaginable.

這是一種最直接且最清晰的表達(dá)方式。

It's zero mitigation.

可以說(shuō)沒有任何修飾。

No 2. Crew Obligation Statement.

2、隊(duì)友職責(zé)陳訴：

"I think we need to deviate right around now."

“我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在我們需要偏向左側(cè)飛行。”

Notice the use of "we" and the fact that the request is now much less specific.

注意“我們”這個(gè)詞，并且事實(shí)上這個(gè)請(qǐng)求已經(jīng)不是那么具體，

That's a little softer.

并且略顯柔和。

No. 3: Crew Suggestion.

3、隊(duì)友建議：

"Let's go around the weather."

“我們復(fù)飛遠(yuǎn)離這個(gè)氣候吧。”

Implicit in that statement is "we're in this together."

在這種陳述下指明“我們?cè)谝黄?rdquo;。

No. 4: Query. "Which direction would you like to deviate?"

4、提問：“您更傾向于想左偏還是向右偏？”

That's even softer than the crew suggestion, because the speaker is conceding that he's not in charge.

這比隊(duì)友建議更加柔和，因?yàn)榘l(fā)言者認(rèn)為自己不是決策人。

No. 5: Preference.

5、提出選擇：“

"I think we will be wise to turn left or right."

我認(rèn)為向左轉(zhuǎn)或向右轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)更好些”。

No. 6: Hint.

6、暗示：

"That return at 25 miles looks mean."

“退到25英里以外的地方會(huì)比較好。”

That's the most mitigated statement of all.

這是所有舒緩語(yǔ)氣中最緩和的。

Fischer and Orasanu found that captains overwhelmingly said they would issue a command in that situation:

費(fèi)舍和奧若薩魯發(fā)現(xiàn)在假設(shè)情境下，幾乎所有機(jī)長(zhǎng)都會(huì)選擇下達(dá)命令的方式：

"Turn 30 degrees right."

“向右轉(zhuǎn)30度。”

They were talking to a subordinate.

在他們對(duì)下級(jí)說(shuō)話時(shí)，

They had no fear of being blunt.

他們不會(huì)考慮語(yǔ)氣是否生硬。

The first officials, on the other hand, were talking to their boss, and so they overwhelmingly chose the most mitigated alternative.

另一方面，副駕則是在對(duì)長(zhǎng)官講話，因此副駕選擇最舒緩的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)進(jìn)行溝通，

They hinted.

他們選擇暗示。