大學(xué)英語作文:英語四級(jí)快速閱讀的命題規(guī)律與解題步驟

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快速閱讀是自2006年6月實(shí)行新四級(jí)考試以來新增加的內(nèi)容，至今已經(jīng)考過六次了。前三次考試的快速閱讀題為判斷和填空兩種題型，最近三次考試的快速閱讀題為選擇和填空兩種題型。無論采用哪種題型考查，快速閱讀的自身特點(diǎn)決定了其解題技巧。與深度閱讀不同，由于時(shí)間的限制，快速閱讀無法也無需對(duì)文章透徹理解并掌握文中所有的細(xì)節(jié)，而只需從判斷、填空及選擇題的題干中確定關(guān)鍵詞，再到文章中準(zhǔn)確定位，即可得出正確答案。一、快速閱讀的命題規(guī)律1. 邏輯關(guān)系處常設(shè)考點(diǎn)邏輯關(guān)系散布在文章的句子中、句句之間以及段落之間。最基本的邏輯關(guān)系有以下幾種：（1）因果關(guān)系：as a result, therefore, hence, because of, for, due to等等。（2）并列、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and, or, then, in addition, besides, in other words, moreover等等。（3）轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：however, but, yet, though, although, in fact, to tell you the truth等等。2. 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)處常設(shè)考點(diǎn)許多標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的出現(xiàn)是為了更好地解釋前面的一些信息，所以我們可以運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)（破折號(hào)、小括號(hào)、冒號(hào)等）推測(cè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞匯或句子的含義。3. 時(shí)間、數(shù)字、大寫字母、斜體或一些很特別的信息點(diǎn)處常設(shè)考點(diǎn)這些信息一方面很容易識(shí)別，另一方面，這些信息點(diǎn)一般都是文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息，容易出細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。4. 根據(jù)文章的行文順序設(shè)計(jì)考點(diǎn)快速閱讀的題目一般是有順序性的，前面的題目往往對(duì)應(yīng)文章前面的內(nèi)容，后面的題目對(duì)應(yīng)文章后面的內(nèi)容。二、快速閱讀的解題步驟1. 瀏覽文章，略讀文章標(biāo)題和段落標(biāo)題、各段首句和尾句，從而了解文章大意和整體結(jié)構(gòu)。2. 讀題干，理解句子的意思，并確定相應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞。3. 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞到文章中查讀，找到與關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的語句，通過比較、判斷，確定答案。實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)(2006年12月，CET-4)Six Secrets of High-Energy PeopleThere's an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over what the day holds. "I just can't get started," people say. But it's not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.What you are seeking is not physical energy. ...And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child I observed people who were poor, or disabled, or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who despite an extremely weak body, wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed.Unlike physical energy, which is finite and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You can't simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work.1. Do something new.Very little that's new occurs in our lives. ...Fortunately, ...Here's a challenge: If it's something you wouldn't ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish you've never eaten. Listen to music you'd ordinarily tune out. You'll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.2. Reclaim life's meaning.So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, ...The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. "I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something," she says. "But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life." Ivy's solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning.3. Put yourself in the fun zone.Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients. "I love imaging what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care," she says. "It's a challenge - and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun."We all define fun differently, ...4. Big farewell to guilt and regret.www.yingyuzuowen.cnEveryone's past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While they can't merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened is in the past, and nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.5. Make up your mind.Say you've been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish - or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you can't decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and don't look back.6. Give to get.Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy. With the latter, you have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it.Start by asking everyone you meet, ...After all, if it's true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that what's circulating around you is the good stuff?1. The energy crisis in America discussed here mainly refers to a shortage of fossil fuels.2. People these days tend to lack physical energy.3. Laura Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emotional energy can contribute to one's success in life.4. The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.5. Even small changes people make in their lives can help increase their emotional energy.6. Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to help poor children.7. The real estate broker the author knows is talented in home redecoration.8. People holding on to sad memories of the past will find it difficult to __________.9. When it comes to decision-making, one should make a quick choice without ________.10. Emotional energy is in a way different from physical energy in that the more you give, ____________.