美國商業(yè)大亨傳奇 第24期:復(fù)仇者的崛起(7)

Unsure how to prevent a complete collapse,
由于不知道怎樣避免一場徹底的垮臺，
the stock exchange shuts down
股票交易一度停滯，
and stays closed for ten straight days.
并且持續(xù)了十天。
The Panic of 1873 triggered
1873年的“大恐慌”
the first full-blown national depression,
導致了第一次全國性的經(jīng)濟大蕭條，
and nobody quite knew what to do about it.
沒人清楚應(yīng)該做什么。
For the first time,
第一次，
large--very large--numbers of American workers were without jobs.
有相當大數(shù)量的美國工人失業(yè)。
Workers got laid off,
工人被解雇，
but the owners,they still lived in the style that they were accustomed to.
但是資本家依然以他們慣有的生活方式活著。
But no one was shedding any tears for John D. Rockefeller.
沒有人為約翰·D·洛克菲勒哭泣。
People were saving their tears for themselves,
人們都把眼淚都留給了自己，
when they found themselves out of work,
當他們沒有了工作，
out of their homes, out of food, out of hope.
沒有了居所，沒有了食物，沒有了希望。
While many of the biggest companies
就在國內(nèi)很多巨頭
in the country struggle to survive,
為了活下去而掙扎的時候，
Rockefeller sees opportunity,
洛克菲勒捕捉到了機會，
his belief in the survival of the fittest kicking in.
他相信適者生存。
As his competition collapses,
在競爭對手垮臺之后，
Rockefeller picks them off,
洛克菲勒出動，
buying out bankrupt oil companies for next to nothing.
幾乎零成本就買下了破產(chǎn)的石油公司。
I find that I do better in bad markets.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)我在市場蕭條時更有干勁。
I buy things in bad markets.
經(jīng)濟蕭條時我去收購，
And, you can't do that in a great economy.
在市場繁榮時這是是不可能的。
You can't buy it.
你不能買，
Either you're gonna buy it very expensively
或者是付出高昂的價格去買，
or not be able to buy it at all.
或者根本買不起。
So there's a lot of opportunity, I find, in the bad times.
在蕭條的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我能得到很多機會。
By the time the depression is through,
蕭條期過后，
Rockefeller has created the largest corporate empire in America.
洛克菲勒打造了全美最大的壟斷企業(yè)。
He was playing the game of industry,
他在產(chǎn)業(yè)里博弈，
and he was simply better at it than everybody else.
他不比任何人遜色。
He saw the industrial marketplace
他把行業(yè)市場
as a place for the survival of the fittest,
看成是適者生存的場所，
and he was fitter than anybody else,
同時他比別人更適應(yīng)，
therefore he survived.
所以他幸存下來。
Not only that, therefore he deserved to survive,
不僅如此，因此他的幸存是他應(yīng)得的，
and they didn't.
他的競爭對手們并非如此。