2009年5月翻譯資格考試二級筆譯真題

第一部分 英譯漢必譯題

There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.

By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.

Such is the volatility of today?s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.

Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,”the poorest of the world?s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spe ndtwo-thirds of their income on food.

In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that?s all they can afford.

Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women?s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.

Elsewhere, I saw yet another women?s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.

These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.

其他參考譯文：

上周，世界糧食危機出現(xiàn)了一線轉(zhuǎn)機。烏克蘭預期糧食豐收，因而放寬了糧食出口限制。一夜之間，全球小麥價格下挫 10%。

相比之下，曼谷大米報價為每噸 1,000 美元左右，相比兩個月前每噸 460 美元的價格 有了大幅上漲。

這就是當今市場劇烈波動的真實寫照。我們無從知曉價格的漲跌幅度，但是有一點 可以肯定，那就是：我們已經(jīng)告別了富足時代，轉(zhuǎn)而進入了匱乏時代。專家們一致認為， 短期內(nèi)糧價不太可能恢復到正常水平。

現(xiàn)在全球“最底層的 10 億人”每天生活費不足 1 美元，是世界上最貧苦的人群，我們 不妨設身處地想想他們現(xiàn)在的處境如何。這個群體中大部分人生活在非洲，對于他們當 中的許多人而言，食品開支往往要占到收入的三分之二。

我聽說上周利比里亞的民眾不再拿袋子去購買進口大米，更多的人是拿著杯子去買 米，因為他們的錢只夠買一杯米。

走訪西非國家后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們?nèi)杂欣碛杀３謽酚^。在布基納法索，當?shù)卣e極進 口抗旱糧種，同時在巴西等國家的幫助下改善對寶貴水資源的管理。在科特迪瓦，一個 女性合作社在聯(lián)合國基金的扶持下開辦了一家養(yǎng)雞場，為當?shù)卮迕駝?chuàng)收又增產(chǎn)，這種模 式也很易于推廣。

在其他國家和地區(qū)，有的婦女團體在聯(lián)合國的幫助下逐步擴大當?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模。

用不了多久，她們就可以生產(chǎn)出足夠多的大米來滿足當?shù)貙W校供餐的需要，屆時世界糧 食署也將終止在當?shù)氐募Z援工作。

對于基層問題總可以找到因地制宜的解決方案，對非洲而言尤其如此。

英譯漢選譯題 試題一

For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storied ocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder used substandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500 people died.

Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in the builder's own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron that doomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday.

The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled for years to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships at once: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic.

Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic's construction.

"The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team that studied the company's archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was, There's problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people.' "

The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computer simulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineers and shipbuilders of the era considered state of the art.

The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff to reach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed in company and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience.

Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic's rivets, ordered No. 3 bar, known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discovered that shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets.

So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least one instance relied on cheap materials.

The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat long enough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives.

參考譯文：

過去十年一直研究“泰坦尼克”船體的冶金學家認為，這艘著名的遠洋郵輪在撞上冰山 后之所以會迅速沉沒，是因為當時的造船商使用了劣質(zhì)鉚釘，在撞上冰山后鉚釘頭開始 崩脫，(致使鋼板開裂)，冰冷刺骨的海水大量倒灌入船體，最終造成 1,500 人殞命。

一組科學家進行了深度調(diào)查研究，他們從造船廠的檔案記錄中發(fā)現(xiàn)了相關證據(jù)。據(jù) 檔案記載，造船廠一方面要建造豪華巨輪，另一方面卻使用劣質(zhì)鐵鉚，為海難埋下了禍 根，最終導致“泰坦尼克”號在 96 年前的那個周二沉入海底。

科學家們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，位于貝爾法斯特的哈蘭德與沃爾夫(Harland and Wolff)造船廠 當時決心要同時建造 3 艘當時世界上最大的超級郵輪，分別命名為“泰坦尼克”號、“奧林 匹克”號和“不列顛”號。但是，多年來，該造船廠卻一直苦于無法獲得足夠的鉚釘及鉚工。

每艘巨輪都需要 300 萬個鉚釘，特別是在建造“泰坦尼克”號的過程中，鉚釘短缺情況 尤為嚴重。

“造船廠董事會很有危機感”，負責調(diào)查的一位科學家珍妮弗 ·胡柏·麥卡錫說，“當時造船廠運轉(zhuǎn)持續(xù)吃緊。每次董事會開會都是同樣的問題，„鉚釘供應不上，鉚工人手不夠?”。

該調(diào)查小組通過從“泰坦尼克”號上取下的 48 個鉚釘收集了其他相關線索。調(diào)查人員 運用現(xiàn)代測試手段，進行計算機模擬實驗，按照 100 年前的金屬成分標準重新制造鉚釘 進行比對，并仔細查閱了當時工程師和造船廠眼里“最先進”的標準是什么。

調(diào)查人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，正如哈蘭德與沃爾夫造船廠和英國政府部門相關檔案文件所披露的 那樣，建造巨輪工程浩大，該造船廠除了從原來的正規(guī)鉚釘鐵供應商那里進貨外，還不 得不從小型鍛工廠訂貨，而這些小廠的員工一般都缺乏相關技能和經(jīng)驗。

調(diào)查人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在購買造船用鉚釘鐵的工程中，該造船廠以次充好，沒有購買“最 佳”的四號鐵，而是購買“較佳”的三號鐵，這也是一大隱患。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，當時造船廠建造 錨、鏈、鉚釘時通常都使用四號鐵。

調(diào)查顯示，建造寓意“富足”的“泰坦尼克”號時至少在這方面采用了劣質(zhì)材料。 調(diào)查人員稱，當時如果選用了優(yōu)質(zhì)鉚釘，或許“泰坦尼克”號就不會如此迅速下沉，救援人員就能及時趕到，數(shù)百人也許就能幸免于難。

試題二(缺)

第二部分 漢譯英必譯題

“中國制造”模式遭遇發(fā)展瓶頸，這種模式必須要改進和提高。一些外國人認為，“中 國制造”大約就是質(zhì)量低下的代名詞。不可否認，少數(shù)產(chǎn)品的確存在質(zhì)量問題，讓大多數(shù) 價廉質(zhì)優(yōu)的產(chǎn)品代其受罪。

質(zhì)量是產(chǎn)品的生命線。隨著外國市場的夸大，中國企業(yè)也意識到質(zhì)量的重要性。因 此一場旨在提高質(zhì)量，提供優(yōu)良服務的運動正在興起。

在傳統(tǒng)的制造業(yè)中，中國企業(yè)通過技術創(chuàng)新和質(zhì)量管理，為國際市場提供高質(zhì)量的 產(chǎn)品。在新興的信息產(chǎn)業(yè)，中國企業(yè)以高科技為師，增強和外國企業(yè)的交流與合作，提 高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。

近幾年來，中國政府通過立法和社會監(jiān)督保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，創(chuàng)造全社會重視產(chǎn)品問題 的環(huán)境。

官方參考譯文：(缺)

其他參考譯文：

“Made in China” practice must be remodeled and upgraded as an emerging bottleneck is getting in the way. Some foreign critics equate “Made in China” with low quality. There is no denying that some products made in China are of poor quality, but they have turned out to be a fly in the ointment, as the majority are affordable and of assured quality./There is no denying at the minority of Made-in-China products are of poor quality, but the majority are quality and affordable.

Quality is the lifeline of products. As things are blown out of proportion overseas regarding the quality of made-in-China goods, ( or the overstatement of how poor the quality of made-in-China goods is has prompted the Chinese enterprises to realize)/the business community in China has recognized how quality matters to an organization. As a result, they are now embarking on an aggressive campaign to improve their product quality and services./As such, a campaign aimed at elevating both quality and services is well under way/set in motion in China.

While traditional manufacturers in China seek to deliver premium products to global markets via technological innovation and quality control, emerging IT firms embrace high technology and build partnerships with foreign counterparts to improve quality.

In recent years, the Chinese government has been committed to building a quality-first culture through legislative procedures and public supervision.

漢譯英選譯題 試題一

年里，白熊藏身于深山之中，再無音訊。直到 2003 年，人們才再次在該自然區(qū)又發(fā)現(xiàn)了 白熊的蹤跡。

在熊的家族里，只有北極熊是白色的。但是，這個龐然大物是如何離開極地寒帶， 來到這個寒溫帶的地方呢?難道它是通過通往北極的水路來到此地?這一猜測遭到動物學 家的質(zhì)疑。首先，北極熊不能在溫帶的樹林中生活。其次，……

2006 年，一個科學考察隊在白熊出沒的地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了熊冬眠的冬窩兒，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了一小 團白色的動物毛發(fā)。DNA 樣本鑒定為棕熊的毛發(fā)。但是，也有可能，至少那團毛發(fā)不屬 于照片中的白熊。

官方參考譯文：(缺)

其他參考譯文：

Back in 1996, a photographer happened to take a picture of a white bear in Kanas nature reserve in Xinjiang in northwest China. The bear remained a hermit/unseen/escaped the radar/stayed off the radar in the ensuing years until 2003 when its traces were spotted yet again in the natural refuge.

Only the polar bear is white in the family of bears. Yet, how has this colossal beast managed to move/migrate from the frigid polar zone to the cold temperate zone? Has the creature made it to the reserve via the waterway that leads towards the North Pole? Zoologists have raised doubts about this possibility. First and foremost, polar bears can?t get acclimated to the temperate forest. Second, …

A scientific expedition in the bear-haunted forest in 2006 also led to the finding of a hideout where the bear hibernates in winter as well as a tiny ball of white furs. DNA test points to a brown bear?s hair, which also makes sense, proving at least that the tiny fur ball doesn?t come from the pictured white bear.

試題二

藍藻是一種簡單的水生植物，它可以在河湖、濕地、樹干和溫泉自然蔓延生長。當 藍藻細胞達到一定程度時，藍藻的“密集孽生”會使水體變色、引起泡沫、散發(fā)臭氣、影響 貝類和魚類的生存，還會使水質(zhì)大幅度下降。

2007 年夏天，富營養(yǎng)物和其他污染導致藍藻在太湖、巢湖、滇池發(fā)生了藍藻“密集孽生”現(xiàn)象，影響了城市供水及水生產(chǎn)品生長。

“密集孽生”最嚴重的是太湖東部。太湖是我國第三大淡水湖。這次“密集孽生”導致周邊 100 多萬居民供水問題長達 10 天之久。為了防止污染，當?shù)丨h(huán)保部門關閉了 770 家化工廠。

2008 年夏天，長期的溫暖、干燥氣候?qū)е滤{藻在部分地區(qū)發(fā)生。9 月，一艘可以快 速、有效地清除藍藻的船在江蘇省投入使用。

官方參考譯文：(缺)

其他參考譯文：

Blue algae are a simple water-born plant that grows and thrives in rivers, lakes,wetlands, hot springs and on trunks. Cells of blue algae can multiply beyond a tipping point where resulting bloom discolors water body, triggers/breeds foams, gives off stinky smell, poses a deadly threat to shellfish and fish and leads to a sharp fall in water quality.

In 2007, high concentration of nutrients and other pollutants triggered blue algae “eutrophication” in Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake and Dianchi Lake, disrupting water supply in neighboring cities and damaging aquatic farms.

The worst hit was the eastern part of Taihu Lake, the third largest freshwater lake in China. The onset of water bloom suspended water supply to over 1 million residents for 10 days. Local environmental watchdogs/regulators dictated the closure of 770 chemical plants to prevent further pollution.

The summer of 2008 saw much of China hit by blue algae bloom as a result of long-running spells of warm, dry weather. In September, a dedicated ship capable of removing the hazardous plant swiftly yet effectively was put to service in Jiangsu province.