英漢翻譯的原理與實(shí)踐Ｕnit06

Unit 6

I、課外練習(xí)參考譯文：

我們正面臨著一個(gè)新時(shí)代。隨你怎么稱呼它：服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)也好，信息時(shí)代也好，知識(shí)社會(huì)也好，一句話，都說(shuō)明了我們工作方式的根本變化。事實(shí)上我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始進(jìn)入這個(gè)時(shí)代。西方社會(huì)依靠制造產(chǎn)品謀生的人數(shù)比例急劇下降了。今天，在美洲、歐洲和日本，大多數(shù)人(這些國(guó)家中有許多國(guó)家已高達(dá)三分之二以上)從事服務(wù)業(yè)，而且人數(shù)還在增加。跟從前相比，婦女從業(yè)的人數(shù)增加了，兼職工作增加了，個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)者增加了。但是，經(jīng)濟(jì)變革幅度的衡量不能只憑數(shù)字，因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)變革同時(shí)也引發(fā)了對(duì)工作本質(zhì)的全新思維。有關(guān)工作和職業(yè)生涯、獲得成功所必須的技能、乃至個(gè)人與雇主的關(guān)系，種種傳統(tǒng)的觀念正在受到挑戰(zhàn)。

我們只要回顧從前，就可以對(duì)未來(lái)有所了解。沒(méi)有那一位展望未來(lái)20年的人能夠預(yù)料到硅片這樣一項(xiàng)發(fā)明，因其在個(gè)人電腦、數(shù)字通訊和工業(yè)機(jī)器人中的應(yīng)用，會(huì)給我們的世界帶來(lái)的種種變化。明天在生物技術(shù)、人工智能或者有些迄今為止甚至難以想象的技術(shù)方面所取得的成就，可能會(huì)引起類似的急劇變化。但有一點(diǎn)是肯定的：信息和知識(shí)將變得更加重要，而擁有信息和知識(shí)的人們，無(wú)論他們從事制造業(yè)或者服務(wù)業(yè)，將會(huì)具有優(yōu)勢(shì)并創(chuàng)造財(cái)富，計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)將與讀寫(xiě)能力一樣成為一種基本要求。運(yùn)用信息解決問(wèn)題的能力，而不是日常工作的完成，將尤其受到重視。展望未來(lái)10年，信息服務(wù)將支配一切，將成為你的工作方式。

II、英漢翻譯原理第三講：怎樣理解原文?(續(xù))

四、要通過(guò)吃透詞語(yǔ)含義進(jìn)行理解：

【例45】 While many women are comfortable being close and sharing secrets, men often struggle to express their emotions in relationship with other men.

×雖然許多女人對(duì)與他人親密無(wú)間，分享秘密感到舒坦，而男人卻經(jīng)常刻求在與其他男人的關(guān)系中表達(dá)感情。

【譯文】 許多女人親密相處互吐隱秘感到心安理得，而男人要對(duì)其他男人表露感情卻非易事。

【例46】 On the drunken occasion in question, I was insufferable about liking you, and not liking you. I wish you would forget it.

×在那次大醉時(shí)，我老考慮是不是喜歡你，搞得我無(wú)法忍受，希望你忘了它。

【譯文】 那一次喝得酩酊大醉的時(shí)候，我說(shuō)了喜歡你不喜歡你的一番話，讓你受不了，希望你忘了它吧。

【例47】 I felt uncomfortable in the suit I had dredged up to wear.

×穿著那套已經(jīng)弄干凈的衣服，我只覺(jué)得渾身不自在。

【譯文】 穿著那套費(fèi)了好大功夫才找出來(lái)的衣服，我覺(jué)得渾身不自在。

【例48】 The school bully threatened Martin with a thick ear.

×學(xué)校的小霸王打了馬丁一個(gè)耳光以此作為威脅。

【譯文】 學(xué)校的小霸王揚(yáng)言要打馬丁的耳光。

【例49】 The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency; it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.

×計(jì)算機(jī)將可能使人類熟練掌握技術(shù)產(chǎn)生驚人的飛躍，他推倒了理論和實(shí)踐之間的隔墻。

【譯文】 計(jì)算機(jī)使人類的能力有可能發(fā)生巨大的飛躍;它拓展了人類從事實(shí)踐工作甚至理論工作的智慧。

五、要明確詞語(yǔ)的具體指代進(jìn)行理解：

【例50】 Fifty cases of woolen sweaters were shipped from Shanghai to New York. They were products of the city's first joint venture. Owing to a storm at sea, some of the cargo got stained by seawater. However, the goods duly arrived yesterday.

【譯文】 有50箱羊毛衫從上海發(fā)往紐約。這些羊毛衫是上海首家合資企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品。由于海上遇到風(fēng)暴，其中一部分遭到海水污損，但這批貨物已于昨天按時(shí)運(yùn)抵。

【例51】 "Heaven bless you, my child," said she, embracing Amelia, and scowling the while over the girl's shoulder at Miss Sharp. "Come away, Becky," said Miss Jemima, pulling the young woman away in great alarm.

×她摟著愛(ài)米麗亞說(shuō)：“求老天保佑你，孩子。”一面說(shuō)，一面從女孩的肩頭對(duì)夏潑小姐惡狠狠地瞪眼。吉米瑪小姐心里害怕，趕快拉著年輕女子出來(lái)，口里說(shuō)：“來(lái)吧，貝基。”

【譯文】 她摟著愛(ài)米麗亞說(shuō)：“求老天保佑你，孩子。”一面說(shuō)，一面從愛(ài)米麗亞肩頭對(duì)夏潑小姐惡狠狠地瞪眼。吉米瑪小姐心里害怕，趕快拉著夏潑小姐出來(lái)，口里說(shuō)：“走吧，小姐。”

【例52】 I seized the largest brush and fell upon my wretched victim with wild fury.

×我抓起那支最大的畫(huà)筆，迅猛異常地向我可憐的受害者撲了過(guò)去。

【譯文】 我抓起那支最大的畫(huà)筆，勢(shì)不可擋撲向那全無(wú)招架之力的畫(huà)布。

III、課堂練習(xí)(正確理解以下各句，并在正確理解的基礎(chǔ)上將其譯成漢語(yǔ))：

1.The investigations were temporarily tabled due to more pressing business.

2.After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it be plant or animal, dead or alive.

3.One of the great charms of Lawrence as a companion was that he could never be bored and so could never be boring.

4.A grass eating animal cannot exist without grass, a predator without prey, a plant without certain basic chemicals or certain kinds of soil.

5.If we could consider placing ourselves in other people's shoes, we could teach ourselves how damaging it is to assume anything about anyone.

6.A creative person will almost never follow a set pattern in developing an idea. To do so would tend to structure his thinking and might limit the creation of possible solutions.

7.Next door, a large-than-expected audience of 300 attended the International Conference on Laser Atmospheric Studies, which will be covered separately next month.

8.The quality of attendance, enhanced by an exhibit-admission fee of $50 per day, was widely extolled. The quantity was in doubt, however. All of the 14 exhibitors interviewed questioned the figure of 5,200 given by Fair director G.B. Hovel; the consensus was 2,500 attendees.

IV、課堂練習(xí)參考譯文：

1.由于有更緊急的任務(wù)，調(diào)查暫不進(jìn)行。

2.畢竟所有的生物都靠吃其他東西生存，不管這種東西是植物還是動(dòng)物，是死的還是活的。

3.在跟勞倫斯的相處中感到他有一點(diǎn)可愛(ài)之處，那就是他從不討厭人，因而也從不討人厭。

4.食草動(dòng)物沒(méi)有草不能生存，食肉動(dòng)物沒(méi)有獵物無(wú)法活命，植物沒(méi)有一定的基本化學(xué)物質(zhì)或一定的土壤就生長(zhǎng)不了。

5.如果我們能夠設(shè)身處地為別人著想，就會(huì)懂得對(duì)別人臆斷有多大害處。

6.有創(chuàng)造性的人在形成一種想法時(shí)決不會(huì)照搬固定不變的模式。那種做法往往會(huì)束縛思想，有礙于想出多種可能的解決方案。

7.隔壁大廳里，出乎意料地有300人出席了國(guó)際激光大氣研究會(huì)議，有關(guān)會(huì)議情況本刊將于下月另文報(bào)道。

8.由于每天的入場(chǎng)券票價(jià)高達(dá)50美元，所以前往參觀的人都有些身份，受到了普遍稱頌。但是參觀人數(shù)值得懷疑。有14家參展廠商接受了采訪，都對(duì)交易會(huì)主任霍佛爾提供的5,200人這個(gè)數(shù)字表示懷疑，一般估計(jì)是2,500人。

V、課外練習(xí)(正確理解下列短文，并將其譯成漢語(yǔ))：

One of my favourite moments of the day is among the last -- the last conscious one, anyway. After several attempts at keeping my eyelids from fluttering closed and the book from collapsing onto my chest, I know it really is time to go to sleep. I affectionately place the book on the bed beside me. We sleep together, me and my book, me and those characters, me and my mixed-up dreams.

Reading in bed seems to run in families. The last time my mother babysat for me, I got home to find the house dark except for two small lights. One came from my son's room, where I discovered the eight-year-old holed up under the covers with Goosebumps and a flashlight. At the other end of the house, my mother had already dozed off with her book.

Somewhere in the middle is me, a grown-up version of the girl who used to camp out under covers with Nancy Drew, a foreshadowing of a baby-sitting grandma whose sons will come home to find Mom snoozing contentedly beneath her paperback.

Instead of arranging my books into traditional categories -- fiction and nonfiction, novels and short stories, self-improvement and pleasure -- I divide my bedside reading into books that put you to sleep and those that keep you up. Both have their place. Just last night I picked up a slender but densely written volume of literary criticism for the knockout punch I knew it would deliver. At the other end of the spectrum are the suspense heavy plots that keep you turning pages into the single-digit hours -- crime novels, love stories, comedies of manners, narrators so charming you cannot bear to quit them, worlds so richly drawn you cannot bear to leave. (293 words)