(1)“難道這也是個癡丫頭,又像顰兒來葬花不成?”因又自笑道:“若真也葬花,可謂東施效顰了;不但不為新奇,而且更是可厭”。
"Can this be another absurd maid come to bury flowers like Daiyu?" he wondered in some amusement. "If so, she's Dongshi immitating Xishi, (Xishi was a famous beauty in the ancient kingdom of Yue. Dongshi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her way) which isn't original but rather tiresome".
(曹雪芹《紅樓夢》,楊憲益、戴乃迭譯)
文中的“東施效顰”采用直譯加注法譯出,簡潔明確地交待了成語的歷史文化背景,有助于西方讀者透徹地領會這一典故,并進一步了解中國文化。
除了運用括號或注釋提供成語的背景知識之外,譯者還可運用增譯法在譯文中直接增補理解成語所需的相關信息,例如:
(2)你這是在班門弄斧。
You're showing off your proficiency with an axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.
為了便于譯文讀者理解,譯者首先在譯文中增添了showing off your proficiency,點明了“班門弄斧”的喻義,又增添了理解成語所需的背景知識,即魯班是一名master carpenter。這樣的處理方法既簡潔明快,又兼顧了意義的傳達和文化的交流。