城市生活中，是什么讓我們感到幸福呢？

what makes for a good society, with well-off, happy people? Of course, there’s no simple and straightforward answer. But a new Yale study found that communities that offer racial diversity, access to preventive health care, and public transportation, are much more likely to report high levels of wellbeing.

在社會(huì)中，是什么東西令人們幸?？鞓?lè)?當(dāng)然，這個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)有什么簡(jiǎn)單而直接的答案。不過(guò)耶魯大學(xué)一項(xiàng)最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)能夠擁有種族多樣性、預(yù)防性醫(yī)療和公共交通的社會(huì)，讓人幸福的可能性更高。

Among these attributes, researchers note that access to preventive health care and easily available health centers was towards the top of the list. People also reported sentiments of satisfaction and fulfillment when they can take a bike or public transport to work, compared to others who drove to work.

該研究的研究人員們指出，在以上這些特征中，擁有預(yù)防性醫(yī)療和方便快捷的醫(yī)療中心最重要。相比那些開(kāi)車上班的人，當(dāng)人們能夠騎自行車或者坐公交車上班時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到滿足。

Also, diversity seemed to also play a key role in overall satisfaction. Living in a community with a higher percentage of black residents was associated with greater well-being for all — something which directly the current approach of many US policymakers.

此外，在總體幸福度方面，種族多樣性也扮演了重要角色。居住在黑人居民比例更高的社區(qū)中的人們會(huì)更加幸福，美國(guó)許多政策制定者會(huì)根據(jù)這一點(diǎn)來(lái)制定政策。

While the study only establishes a correlation and doesn’t directly show that those elements are the source of the wellbeing, the correlation is very strong, researchers say.

該研究只是建立了以上這些因素與幸福之間的聯(lián)系，并未直接表明這些因素是幸福的來(lái)源。不過(guò)研究人員們表示，這些因素與幸福之間的聯(lián)系十分牢固。

“The results of this study represent a step forward in our understanding of how we may efficiently and effectively improve well-being through community-based action,” said Carley Riley, M.D., co-author and assistant professor at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center.

辛辛那提兒童醫(yī)院醫(yī)療中心的助教與該研究的共同作者Carley Riley表示：“該研究的結(jié)果代表著我們更加理解該如何有效地根據(jù)社區(qū)行動(dòng)提升人們的幸福感。”

Researchers hope that lawmakers will take their findings into account and implement suitable policies in their communities.

研究人員們希望立法者們能夠考慮他們的研究結(jié)果，在他們的社區(qū)中實(shí)行合適的政策。

“To improve the well-being of a community, you need to work across multiple sectors and fields, to include the economy and health care and urban planning and transportation,” said Roy, who points to examples of communities in Richmond, CA, and Chittenden County, VT, that have taken this approach to health. “Working across different groups, in coalitions, has the greatest potential to improve health and quality of life.”

Roy表示加利福尼亞州里士滿市與佛蒙特奇滕登縣的一些社區(qū)已經(jīng)采取這種方法來(lái)保障居民的健康。Roy說(shuō)道：“為了提升社區(qū)居民的幸福感，你需要調(diào)查多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)、醫(yī)療、城市規(guī)劃與交通。與不同種族的人打交道并與之合作，能夠最大限度地提升人們的健康與生活質(zhì)量。”

The study has been published in the journal PLOS ONE.

這項(xiàng)研究已經(jīng)發(fā)表在PLoS One期刊上。