不用沖水的蘑菇廁所

In many parts of the world, toilets remain out of reach. An estimated one in three people in the world don't have access to a toilet, and one in nine people don't have access to safe water (in large part because of that lack of toilets). A group of students from the University of British Columbia have come up with a new way to give people without plumbing clean, safe places to do their business, and according to Co.Design the key is mushrooms.

在世界上很多地方，有很多人依舊沒有辦法使用廁所。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計，全球每三個人中就有一人沒有辦法使用廁所，每九個人中就有一個人無法接觸安全的水(在很大程度上是因為缺乏廁所)。來自英屬哥倫比亞大學的一群學生找到了一個新方法，他們的這個方法不需要干凈、安全的水就能讓人們上廁所，其關(guān)鍵在于蘑菇。

The MYCOmmunity Toilet, which just won the 2018 Biodesign Challenge, is a portable toilet kit designed for refugee camps that uses a mycelium (a mushroom product) tank to eventually turn human waste into compost. Everything needed to set up the toilet is packed into one kit, which users can set up into a small, sit-down toilet with a traditional seat and a tank for waste. The appliance is designed to fit into a refugee tent and serve a family of six for up to a month.

MYCOmmunity廁所不久前贏得了2018生態(tài)設(shè)計挑戰(zhàn)賽的冠軍，它是一種專為難民設(shè)計的便攜廁所。它利用一種菌絲體(一種蘑菇產(chǎn)物)儲水池，將人類的排泄物變成肥料。構(gòu)成廁所所需的一切都被整合到了一整套便攜廁所中，使用者可以用一個傳統(tǒng)的座椅和一個收集人類排泄物，建立一個小型的坐便廁所。這一設(shè)計能夠被安裝在難民帳篷中，它可以為一個六口之家服務長達一個月的時間。

Seals Vs Sea LionsThe toilet separates solid and liquid waste for separate treatment. Enzyme capsules can be used to neutralize the smell of urine and start the decomposition, and poop can be covered in sawdust or other material to tamp down odors and rev up the composting process. After the month is up and the tank is full, the whole thing can be buried, and the mushroom spores will speed along the process of turning it into compost. The kit comes with seeds that can be planted on top of the buried toilet, turning the waste into new growth. (Biosolids have been used to fertilize crops for thousands of years.)

該廁所會將固態(tài)和液態(tài)排泄物分開進行處理。使用者能夠用酶膠囊來中和尿液的氣味，并開始進行分解。使用者還可以用木屑或者其它材料蓋住糞便，以便鎖住氣味，加快分解過程。等到一個月之期一到并且儲水池已滿，整個廁所都可以被埋在地下，蘑菇的孢子會加快分解過程，將它變成肥料。這一廁所套裝還帶有種子，人們可以將種子種在廁所被埋的位置上方，讓它利用廢物長出新的植物。(幾千年來，人類一直用生物肥料來給莊稼施肥。)

The University of British Columbia students—led by Joseph Dahmen, an assistant professor in the architecture school, and Steven Hallam, a professor in the department of microbiology and immunology—competed against 20 other design teams at the 2018 Biodesign Summit at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in June, taking home first prize. They hope to further refine the prototype in the future, and according to Co.Design, test it out at local music festivals, which, with their outdoor venues and high volume of drunk pee-ers, are the perfect venue to stress test waterless toilet technology.

英屬哥倫比亞大學的這些學生們由建筑學院的助理教授Joseph Dahmen與微生物學和免疫學教授Steven Hallam帶領(lǐng)著，同其它20個在紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館參加2018生態(tài)設(shè)計峰會的設(shè)計團隊一起比賽，他們拿著第一名回到了家鄉(xiāng)。他們希望未來能過改進這一蘑菇廁所原型，并在當?shù)匾魳饭?jié)上進行測試。在這樣的戶外活動中，用喝醉的撒尿者們測試無水廁所簡直再好不過了。