常見的胃灼熱藥物，使數(shù)百萬人面臨急性胃病毒感染的風(fēng)險

常見的胃灼熱藥物，使數(shù)百萬人面臨急性胃病毒感染的風(fēng)險

Millions of people who take common heartburn drugs could be at risk of a nasty stomach flu, experts have warned.

專家警告說，數(shù)百萬服用普通胃灼熱藥的人有可能患上嚴(yán)重的胃流感。

People who took acid-relieving medications, such as Nexium, were 80 percent more likely to get acute gastroenteritis, researchers found.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，服用抗酸藥物的人，如耐信，患急性腸胃炎的可能性增加80%。

For a long time these over-the-counter meds, known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), were considered to be safe, but new research has suggested concerning side-effects.

長期以來，這些被稱為質(zhì)子泵抑制劑(PPIs)的非處方藥物被認(rèn)為是安全的，但新的研究表明其副作用。

Dr. Mina Tadrous, a scientist at Women’s College Hospital (WCH) in Toronto, said: “Very few people need to be on PPIs long term, but people do end up on them chronically.

多倫多女子學(xué)院醫(yī)院(WCH)的科學(xué)家米娜·塔圖斯博士說:“很少有人需要長期服用口服避孕藥，但人們最終會長期服用。”

“And now we’re finding that the drugs are not as safe as we thought. They interact with a bunch of drugs. There are some nutritional concerns. There’s an increased risk of fracture and an increased risk of infection.”

“現(xiàn)在我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些藥物并不像我們想象的那么安全。它們與很多藥物相互作用。還有一些營養(yǎng)問題。骨折和感染的風(fēng)險也會增加。”

High risk

高風(fēng)險

The new study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed more than 233,000 people taking PPIs continuously and compared them with nearly 627,000 adults who weren’t taking the drug.

這項發(fā)表在《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會雜志》(JAMA)網(wǎng)絡(luò)版《開放》(Open)上的新研究分析了233,000多名持續(xù)服用PPIs的人，并將他們與近627,000名未服用PPIs的成年人進(jìn)行了比較。

When they looked at the 2015-16 winter virus season, they noted that people who took PPIs, including Nexium, Prevacid, Protonix and Prilosec, all the time were 80 percent more likely to get stomach flu.

當(dāng)他們研究2015-16年冬季病毒季節(jié)時，他們注意到，服用包括埃索美拉唑(Nexium)、維甲酸(Prevacid)、普羅托尼斯(Protonix)和奧美拉唑(Prilosec)在內(nèi)的質(zhì)子泵抑制劑(PPIs)的人，患胃流感的可能性要高出80%。

The researchers, led by Ana-Maria Vilcu of Sorbonne University in Paris, said that because heartburn drugs work to reduce acid, it might increase the risk of infection as stomach acid plays a role in keeping viruses at bay.

由巴黎索邦大學(xué)的Ana-Maria Vilcu領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員說，由于胃灼熱藥物的作用是減少胃酸，它可能會增加感染的風(fēng)險，因為胃酸在阻止病毒入侵方面起著作用。

Dr Tadrous, who provided editorial as part of the study, said: “If you reduce acids, you change the intestinal flora [the beneficial bacteria in the gut known as the microbiome], making you more susceptible to infections.”

作為研究的一部分提供社論的Tadrous博士說:“如果你減少了酸，你就改變了腸道菌群(腸道中的有益菌群，被稱為微生物群)，使你更容易受到感染。”

Study concerns

問題研究

But experts have raised concerns about the validity of the study and say the findings aren’t conclusive.

但專家們對這項研究的有效性表示了擔(dān)憂，并說這些發(fā)現(xiàn)并不具有結(jié)論性。

Dr. Arun Swaminath, director of inflammatory bowel disease program, at Lenox Hill Hospital, in New York City, pointed out that the researchers diagnosed someone as having acute gastroenteritis if they received a prescription for medications used to treat it.

紐約市勒諾克斯山醫(yī)院(Lenox Hill Hospital)炎癥性腸病項目主任阿倫·斯瓦米納特(Arun Swaminath)指出，研究人員如果給患者開了治療藥物的處方，就會診斷他們患有急性腸胃炎。

However, those medications can be used to treat other issues as well.

然而，這些藥物也可以用來治療其他問題。

These include changing the types of food you eat, when you eat and how much you eat.

這包括改變你吃的食物種類，什么時候吃，吃多少。

Those who likely need long-term PPI therapy include people who need to take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs long-term to help prevent ulcers.

那些可能需要長期PPI治療的人包括那些需要長期服用非甾體抗炎藥來幫助預(yù)防潰瘍的人。

Also, people with conditions such as severe esophagitis, Barrett oesophagus, idiopathic chronic ulcer, difficult-to-control gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and some people with bleeding ulcers.

此外，患有嚴(yán)重食管炎、Barrett食管、特發(fā)性慢性潰瘍、難以控制的胃食管反流病(GERD)、Zollinger-Ellison綜合征和一些出血潰瘍患者。