肥胖的青少年和青年人更易患前驅(qū)糖尿病

New government research delivers some concerning news for U.S. teens -- almost 1 in 5 has prediabetes. Young adults fared even worse -- 1 in 4 of those aged 19 to 34 have prediabetes, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report found.

美政府的一項(xiàng)新研究為青少年帶來(lái)了一些令人擔(dān)憂的消息——近五分之一的青少年患前驅(qū)糖尿病。青年人的情況更糟——19至34歲的青年人中，四分之一者患前驅(qū)糖尿病，美疾控中心報(bào)告稱。

A person with prediabetes has higher than normal blood sugar levels. The levels aren't yet high enough to be considered type 2 diabetes. But often, people who have prediabetes go on to develop type 2 diabetes.

前驅(qū)糖尿病患者的血糖水平高于正常水平，但還不至于高到被認(rèn)為是2型糖尿病。通常情況下，前驅(qū)糖尿病患者在未來(lái)的生活中會(huì)患上2型糖尿病。

"Prediabetes is very prevalent among adolescents and young adults. We want people to know that this is a serious health condition that raises the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease and stroke," said study author Linda Andes, a statistician with the CDC's Division of Diabetes Translation.

“前驅(qū)糖尿病在青少年和青年人群中較為普遍。我們希望大家知道，這是一種嚴(yán)重的健康狀況，會(huì)增加患2型糖尿病、心臟病和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，”研究作者、美疾控中心糖尿病演化部的琳達(dá)·安第斯(Linda Andes)說(shuō)道。

The good news? "Prediabetes can be reversed," she said. "This can be a wake-up call to motivate people into action -- eating a healthier diet, getting more physical activity and losing weight."

好消息是?“前驅(qū)糖尿病是可逆的，”她說(shuō)道。“這或許是一個(gè)激勵(lì)人們采取行動(dòng)的警示——吃得更健康、加強(qiáng)體育鍛煉和減肥。”The researchers used data from nationally representative nutrition surveys that included almost 6,000 teens and young adults. Blood sugar levels were assessed with three different testing methods. Other tests, such as blood pressure and cholesterol, were also done.

研究員對(duì)全國(guó)代表性的營(yíng)養(yǎng)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析，包括近6000位青少年和青年人的數(shù)據(jù)。血糖水平是根據(jù)三種不同的測(cè)試方法評(píng)估得出的。同時(shí)還做了血壓和膽固醇等測(cè)試。

The study found that 18% of teens had prediabetes. For young adults, that number was 24%. Obese teens and young adults were more likely to have prediabetes. Male teens and young adults were far more likely to have prediabetes than females.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，18%的青少年和24%的青年人患前驅(qū)糖尿病。肥胖的青少年和青年人更易患前驅(qū)糖尿病。男性青少年和青年人患前驅(qū)糖尿病的可能性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于女性。

Adolescents and young adults with prediabetes also had higher cholesterol and blood pressure, and carried more weight around their abdomen. Several experts not involved with the study discussed the implications.

患有前驅(qū)糖尿病的青少年和青年人的膽固醇水平和血壓水平也更高，且腹部肥肉更多。未參與這項(xiàng)研究的其他幾位專家討論了這一研究的意義。

"The most significant issue I see is that even if a person does not go on to develop diabetes, prediabetes itself is associated with increased cardiometabolic risks in many people," said Dr. Mary Pat Gallagher, director of the pediatric diabetes center at NYU Langone's Hassenfeld Children's Hospital in New York City.

“我認(rèn)為最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題是，即使一個(gè)人后期沒(méi)有患上糖尿病，前驅(qū)糖尿病本身也與心臟代謝風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加相關(guān)，”紐約大學(xué)蘭貢醫(yī)學(xué)中心哈森菲爾德兒童醫(yī)院的兒科糖尿病中心主任瑪麗·帕特·加拉格爾(Mary Pat Gallagher)醫(yī)生說(shuō)道。

"This means that this group of people should undergo more careful screening and receive more intensive counseling about changes in lifestyle that could improve their health," she said.

她說(shuō)：“這意味著這群人應(yīng)該接受更仔細(xì)的篩查，并接受關(guān)于改變生活方式的更深入咨詢，從而改善健康狀況。”