黑猩猩的“康加線”揭示了人類是如何學(xué)會跳舞的

黑猩猩的“康加線”揭示了人類是如何學(xué)會跳舞的:研究

Before we were dancing machines, we were primates just finding our groove.

在我們成為跳舞機(jī)器之前，我們是靈長類動(dòng)物，只是在尋找我們的最佳狀態(tài)。

Footage of chimpanzees walking in sync — performing what appears to be a “conga” — is informing psychological researchers about the origins of dance among humans, according to the new study published Thursday in Scientific Reports.

周四發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報(bào)告》上的一項(xiàng)新研究稱，黑猩猩同步行走的鏡頭——像是在表演“康加舞”——讓心理學(xué)研究人員了解了人類舞蹈的起源。

“Dance is an icon of human expression,” the research reads. “Despite astounding diversity around the world’s cultures and dazzling abundance of reminiscent animal systems, the evolution of dance in the human clade remains obscure.”

“舞蹈是人類表達(dá)的象征，”研究報(bào)告寫道。“盡管世界各地的文化有著驚人的多樣性，令人眼花繚亂的豐富動(dòng)物系統(tǒng)，但人類舞蹈的進(jìn)化仍然是一個(gè)謎。”

One minute-long video shows two chimps at the Saint Louis Zoo walking in a line and taking perfectly timed steps in tandem, while each holds what appears to be a burlap bag between her legs. They continue their march around the enclosure and, at one point, the chimp in the back even puts her arm on the waist of her friend in the lead — just like in a proper conga line.

一分鐘長的視頻顯示，在圣路易斯動(dòng)物園里，兩只黑猩猩排成一列，步調(diào)一致，每只腳之間都夾著一個(gè)麻袋。他們繼續(xù)繞著圍欄行進(jìn)，在某一時(shí)刻，后面的黑猩猩甚至把她的胳膊放在她朋友的腰上——就像在康加舞線上一樣。

European researchers found 23 videos of the two chimps, named Holly and Bahkahri, dancing this way between October 2011 and April 2015. They say the level of coordination between the two dancing queens is on par with musicians performing a symphony.

歐洲研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，2011年10月至2015年4月期間，兩只名為Holly和Bahkahri的黑猩猩以這種方式跳舞的視頻有23個(gè)。他們說，兩位舞蹈女王的協(xié)調(diào)水平與音樂家演奏交響樂的水平相當(dāng)。

Scientists add that this might be the “first case of spontaneous whole-body entrainment between two ape peers,” without outside stimulus, such as to mimic human behavior or training.

科學(xué)家們補(bǔ)充說，這可能是“兩個(gè)類人猿同伴在沒有外界刺激(比如模仿人類行為或訓(xùn)練)的情況下，發(fā)生的首例自發(fā)的全身夾帶”。

“Dance requires individuals to interactively synchronize their whole-body tempo to their partner’s, with near-perfect precision,” study authors write. “This explains why no dance forms were present amongst nonhuman primates.”

研究報(bào)告的作者寫道:“跳舞要求人們以近乎完美的精準(zhǔn)度，互動(dòng)地讓自己的全身節(jié)奏與伴侶同步。”“這就解釋了為什么靈長類動(dòng)物中沒有舞蹈形式。”

The fact that the chimps were doing their jungle boogie while in captivity also hints at the conditions that brought about the expressive and disciplined human art form.

事實(shí)上，黑猩猩在被囚禁的時(shí)候也會在叢林里跳布吉舞，這也暗示了這種富有表現(xiàn)力和紀(jì)律性的人類藝術(shù)形式是在什么條件下產(chǎn)生的。