科學(xué)家們終于找到了暗物質(zhì)

科學(xué)家們終于找到了暗物質(zhì)

When astronomers gaze into space they can see many different things. Galaxies, stars, and even black holes can be spotted from our place here on Earth. However, one of the most abundant types of matter in the universe can’t actually be seen at all, or at least we’ve yet to invent the means to do so.

當天文學(xué)家凝視太空時，他們可以看到許多不同的東西。星系，恒星，甚至黑洞都可以在我們所處的地球上被發(fā)現(xiàn)。然而，宇宙中最豐富的一種物質(zhì)實際上根本看不見，或者至少我們還沒有發(fā)明能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的方法。

Dark matter may account for over three-quarters of all matter in the universe, but it can’t be observed directly. Instead, scientists have to infer its existence based on how other objects in the cosmos react to its gravity. But what is it, and will we ever be able to explain its origins? A new study by researchers at the University of York attempts to do just that, offering a potential explanation for what dark matter really is.

暗物質(zhì)可能占宇宙所有物質(zhì)的四分之三以上，但不能直接觀測到。相反，科學(xué)家必須根據(jù)宇宙中其他物體對其引力的反應(yīng)來推斷其存在。但它是什么，我們能解釋它的起源嗎?約克大學(xué)研究人員的一項新研究試圖做到這一點，為暗物質(zhì)到底是什么提供了一個可能的解釋。

The researchers say that the secret of dark matter may rest in a type of particle called a d-star hexaquark. As SciTechDaily notes, it’s a particle made up of six quarks, which are the tiny bits that make up protons and neutrons, but because of their arrangement in a d-star, they are more versatile.

研究人員說，暗物質(zhì)的秘密可能在于一種叫做d星六夸克的粒子。正如《科技日報》所指出的，它是一個由六個夸克組成的粒子，這些夸克是構(gòu)成質(zhì)子和中子的微小粒子，但由于它們在d星中的排列方式，它們的用途更加廣泛。

The scientists say that in the wake of the Big Bang, d-star hexaquarks may have been abundant, coalescing and bunching up. This massive amount of material may have eventually become a fifth state of matter known as Bose-Einstein condensate as it cooled. These ultra-cool clouds of boson particles may be the most feasible dark matter candidate yet.

科學(xué)家們說，在大爆炸之后，d星六夸克可能已經(jīng)非常豐富，并聚在一起。這種大量的物質(zhì)在冷卻時可能最終成為第五種物質(zhì)狀態(tài)，即玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚態(tài)。這些超冷的玻色子云可能是目前最有可能的暗物質(zhì)候選者。

“The origin of dark matter in the universe is one of the biggest questions in science and one that, until now, has drawn a blank,” Professor Daniel Watts of the University of York explains. “Our first calculations indicate that condensates of d-stars are a feasible new candidate for dark matter. This new result is particularly exciting since it doesn’t require any concepts that are new to physics.”

約克大學(xué)的丹尼爾·瓦茨教授解釋說：“宇宙中暗物質(zhì)的起源是科學(xué)界最大的問題之一，直到現(xiàn)在還是一片空白。”。“我們的第一次計算表明，d星的凝聚體是暗物質(zhì)的一個可能的新候選者。這個新結(jié)果特別令人興奮，因為它不需要任何新的物理概念。”