研究表明，與嬰兒潮一代相比，X世代面臨更多的健康問題

研究表明，與嬰兒潮一代相比，X世代面臨更多的健康問題

The analysis of 135,000 people living in England has suggested that although they're are living longer, their lives aren't necessarily healthier. Researchers described the finding as a concerning trend.

對生活在英格蘭的13.5萬人的分析表明，盡管他們活得更長了，但他們的生活并不一定更健康。研究人員稱這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢。

"Earlier in the 20th century, a rise in life expectancy went hand in hand with an increase in healthy lifespan -- younger generations were living longer, healthier lives," said George Ploubidis, a professor of population health and statistics at University College London and an author of the study.

倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的人口健康與統(tǒng)計學(xué)教授、該研究的作者喬治·普羅比迪斯說:“20世紀(jì)初，預(yù)期壽命的增加與健康壽命的延長是同步的——年輕一代活得更久、更健康。”

"It appears that, for those generations born between 1945 and 1980, this trend has stalled. Those born later are expected to live longer on average, but with more years of ill health," said Ploubidis, who is also director of research and chief statistician at UCL's Centre for Longitudinal Studies.

“看來，對于1945年至1980年出生的幾代人來說，這一趨勢已經(jīng)停滯。普洛比迪斯說，“平均來說，晚生的人平均壽命會更長，但健康狀況不佳的年份也會更長。”他是倫敦大學(xué)洛杉磯分?？v向研究中心的研究主任和首席統(tǒng)計學(xué)家，

The researchers compared people between ages 25 and 64 whose health was monitored between 1991 and 2014 as part of the Health Survey for England, an annual household survey.

研究人員比較了年齡在25歲到64歲之間的人群，在1991年到2014年期間對這些人的健康狀況進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測，這是英國健康調(diào)查(一項年度家庭調(diào)查)的一部分。

The later-born participants were also more likely to have diabetes, circulatory illnesses, hypertension and be overweight, according to a self-reported survey and objective measurements.

根據(jù)一項自我報告的調(diào)查和客觀測量，晚出生的參與者更有可能患有糖尿病、循環(huán)系統(tǒng)疾病、高血壓和超重。

"Our study shows that, for those born between 1945 and 1980, the overall trend is towards an increasing proportion of years in poor health, with some health conditions beginning at an earlier age," said Stephen Jivraj, associate professor in quantitative social science in UCL's department of epidemiology and public health. He was the lead author of the study, which published in the journal Population Studies.

“我們的研究表明，對于1945年至1980年出生的人來說，總體趨勢是健康狀況不佳的年齡比例越來越高，一些健康狀況開始于更早的年齡，”倫敦大學(xué)洛杉磯分校流行病學(xué)和公共衛(wèi)生系定量社會科學(xué)副教授斯蒂芬·吉夫拉杰說。他是這項研究的主要作者，該研究發(fā)表在《人口研究》雜志上。

Gen X: Longer lives but in poor health

X世代:壽命更長但健康狀況不佳

Participants were asked whether they had poor health, a long-term illness and various chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Nurses also measured participants' blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and glycated hemoglobin, a flag for diabetes.

參與者被問及他們是否有不良的健康狀況，長期疾病和各種慢性病，包括心血管疾病和糖尿病。護(hù)士還測量了參與者的血壓、身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)和糖化血紅蛋白(糖尿病的標(biāo)志)。

For example, more than 78% of 44-year-old men born in 1970 were predicted to be overweight, compared with 71% of 44-year-old men born in 1958, the researchers found. Similarly, 16% of 56-year-old men born in 1958 were predicted to have high blood sugar compared with 9% of 56-year-olds born in 1946, according to the study.

例如，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，1970年出生的44歲男性中，超過78%的人超重，而1958年出生的44歲男性中，這一比例為71%。同樣，根據(jù)這項研究，1958年出生的56歲男性中有16%的人有高血糖，而1946年出生的56歲男性中這一比例為9%。

Later-born men were more likely to report high blood pressure, although this was not the case for later-born women.

晚出生的男性患高血壓的可能性更大，晚出生的女性并非如此。

More than half of the years of additional life expectancy gained by men and women who were age 25 between 1993 and 2003, the analysis showed, were expected to be spent in bad health.

分析顯示，在1993年至2003年期間，25歲的男性和女性預(yù)期壽命增加的時間中，有一半以上是在健康狀況不佳的情況下度過的。

While the study didn't look at the reasons why people were likely to spend more years in poor health, Jivraj said that it was likely linked to diet and less physical exercise.

吉夫拉杰說，雖然這項研究并沒有探究人們健康狀況不佳的原因，但這可能與飲食和較少的體育鍛煉有關(guān)。

He also said widening social inequality over the generations studied could be a factor.

他還說，在研究的幾代人當(dāng)中，社會不平等的擴(kuò)大可能是一個因素。