CNN News: 什么是vog?

Officials in Hawaii say 35 buildings, including at least 26 homes, have been destroyed in the latest eruption of the Kilauea volcano. New fissures have formed in the ground, and though volcanic activity in these cracks slow down yesterday, scientists thought it was just a pause and that the eruption would continue.

夏威夷官員說(shuō)，在基拉韋厄火山最近的一次噴發(fā)中，35座建筑，包括至少26座房屋被毀。新的裂縫已經(jīng)形成，盡管昨天這些裂縫中的火山活動(dòng)減緩，但科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這只是暫時(shí)的停頓，火山噴發(fā)還會(huì)繼續(xù)。

Hundreds of people have been evacuated miles to the east of the volcano. Some have been able to go back home to get things like pets, medicine and important belongings. Others have been warned to stay away as dangerous air and lava flow spread.

數(shù)百人被疏散到火山東部。有些人可以回家去買寵物、藥品和重要物品。另一些人則被警告要遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)的空氣和熔巖流。

Scientists say there’s no way to stop lava. The only they’ve been able to do in the past is to divert it by spraying it with sea water. And because that just sends it in another direction, it’s not always a good option.

科學(xué)家表示沒(méi)有辦法阻止熔巖。他們過(guò)去唯一能做的就是用海水噴灑。因?yàn)槟侵皇前讶蹘r發(fā)送到另一個(gè)方向，它并不總是一個(gè)好的選擇。

There’s another danger to consider that people can’t always see.

還有另外一種人們無(wú)法見(jiàn)到的危險(xiǎn)。

ALLISON CHINCHAR, CNN METEOROLOGIST: Volcanoes often conjure up images of lava and fire. But there’s a lasting impact that’s often ignored called vog or volcanic smog.

CNN 氣象學(xué)家：火山經(jīng)常會(huì)產(chǎn)生熔巖和造成火災(zāi)。但是有一種經(jīng)常被忽視的持久的影響，叫做vog或稱為火山煙霧。

So, what is vog?

什么是火山煙霧?

Vog is a form of air pollution. It’s made of carbon dioxide, water vapor and sulfur dioxide. That last one being most important. That sulfur dioxide is released from the volcano and/or fissure vents and it reacts with the atmosphere. And within hours to days, it converts to very fine particles, which scatters sunlight, causing that visible haze.

Vog是一種空氣污染。它是由二氧化碳、水蒸氣和二氧化硫構(gòu)成的。最后一個(gè)是最重要的。二氧化硫從火山或裂縫噴口釋放出來(lái)，與大氣發(fā)生反應(yīng)。在數(shù)小時(shí)內(nèi)，它會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化成非常細(xì)的粒子，散射陽(yáng)光，造成明顯的霧霾。

Is vog dangerous?

vog危險(xiǎn)嗎?

Vog can be dangerous and can damage the environment, humans and animals. It affects humans by damaging the lungs, triggering headaches, watery eyes, sore throat and even breathing difficulties, even in people who have zero history of respiratory problems.

Vog很危險(xiǎn)，會(huì)破壞環(huán)境，人類和動(dòng)物。它會(huì)通過(guò)破壞肺部、引發(fā)頭痛、流淚、喉嚨痛甚至呼吸困難來(lái)影響人類，即使是那些沒(méi)有呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病史的人也會(huì)誘發(fā)疾病。

What should you do if you encounter vog?

如果遇到vog，你應(yīng)該怎么做?

It is advised to avoid vog by limiting your time outdoors. Additionally, if it rains and there is vog in the atmosphere, you need to very careful.

建議你不要在戶外活動(dòng)。另外，如果下雨，空氣中存有vog，你需要非常小心。

Vog can cause something called acid rain. If that does happen, please stay indoors and once again avoid your exposure. In the event you do come in contact with acid rain, wash it off as soon as possible.

Vog會(huì)引起酸雨。如果發(fā)生這種情況，請(qǐng)待在室內(nèi)，避免接觸酸雨。如果你確實(shí)接觸過(guò)酸雨，請(qǐng)盡快把它沖洗掉。

What are the long-term effects of vog?

vog的長(zhǎng)期影響是什么?

Depending on the volcano and the location of the vog, it can be present for several weeks, meaning it could spread to more populated cities even hundreds of miles away.

根據(jù)火山和vog的位置，它可能會(huì)存在數(shù)周，這意味著可能會(huì)蔓延到數(shù)百英里之外的人口更密集的城市。