金融時報(bào):FT年度詞匯：新俄羅斯

FT年度詞匯：新俄羅斯

這個名詞從何而來？為何普京重新使用這個詞匯會掀起軒然大波？了解一下2014年度熱詞“新俄羅斯”的前世今生吧。

測試中可能遇到的詞匯和知識：

Catherine the Great俄羅斯女沙皇葉卡捷琳娜大帝

Lugansk, Donetsk, Kherson and Odessa盧漢斯克、頓涅斯克、赫爾松和敖德薩，烏克蘭東部和南部城市

step children繼子女

rouble盧布

A year in a word: Novorossiya（369words）

Vladimir Putin's use of the word led many to fear Russian expansionism, says Courtney Weaver, FT Deputy Moscow bureau chief

Novorossiya

noun — the Black Sea territory that was part of the Russian Empire from the late 18th century until the Revolution of 1917. While most of the world considers the territory part of modern-day Ukraine, a group of pro-Russia rebels in eastern Ukraine and the Moscow leadership beg to differ.

Stretching from northeastern Donetsk to southwestern Odessa, Novorossiya, or New Russia, was a territorial coup for Catherine the Great, who conquered the sea-bound territory following a series of wars with the Ottomans in the 18th century. More than two centuries later, the region has once again become an area of contention, this time between Ukraine's central government in Kiev and rebel forces who have formed self-declared republics on the territory of Donetsk and Lugansk.

While the term Novorossiya was abandoned during the Soviet era, the terminology was reintroduced the global lexicon this spring by Vladimir Putin. In a key speech, the Russian president stressed Novorossiya's historical, cultural and linguistic ties to Russia. “Lugansk, Donetsk, Kherson and Odessa weren't included as part of Ukraine,” Mr Putin said. “They were given to it by the Soviet government.”

His words led many to believe that Moscow would annex Donetsk and Lugansk and make Novorossiya Russian once again. Yet nine months later, pro-Russia supporters in east Ukraine have been disappointed.

In the following weeks and months, Mr Putin dropped the term Novorossiya from his public vocabulary and has tamped down the Kremlin's public, if not private, support for the rebel leadership.

Unlike Crimea, which was fully embraced into the Russian Federation and is in the process of receiving billions of dollars in Russian state investment, Donetsk and Lugansk have ended up as step children: self-declared republics that receive humanitarian, financial, military and political assistance from Moscow, but to a large extent have been left on their own.

With a falling rouble and slowing economy, no one in Moscow seems quite so eager now for Novorossiya to rejoin the Russian empire. Crimean spring has faded into winter.

請根據(jù)你所讀到的文章內(nèi)容，完成以下自測題目：

1.Novorossiya was a land conquered by the Russian Empire from whom?

A.Soviet Ukraine.

B.Prussia/Germany.

C.Ottoman Empire.

D.Poland.

答案(1)

2.When was the term Novorossiya abandoned?

A.After the death of Catherine the Great.

B.After the desintegration of the Soviet Union.

C.After Putin was elected as president.

D.After Russian Revolution of 1917.

答案(2)

3.Why this land is not like Crimea?

A.Putin dropped the term Novorossiya at last.

B.It is not being annexed into Russia like Crimea.

C.The Russian rouble is falling dramatically.

D.Pro-Russian self-declared republics were formed.

答案(3)

* * *

(1)答案：C.Ottoman Empire.

解釋：第二段中提到，這些土地是葉卡捷琳娜女皇時代從奧斯曼土耳其手中奪取的。

(2)答案：D.After Russian Revolution of 1917.

解釋：有兩處提到了這件事，第一段中說這個名詞是從沙俄時期到1917年革命時用的，以及第三段中普京重新使用了“新俄羅斯”一詞，說這些地方自古以來不是烏克蘭，而是蘇聯(lián)政府送給烏克蘭的。

(3)答案：B.It is not being annexed into Russia like Crimea.