英國(guó)學(xué)生科學(xué)讀本 Lesson 41 糖是怎么生產(chǎn)的(2)

The raw sugar is first dissolved in water, and is then carefully strained to make it clear. It is next boiled in large pans until the water has nearly all passed away as steam.

首先把粗糖溶解在水里, 進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的過(guò)濾, 把糖水濾清。然后再把糖水放在大型的平底鍋里煮, 直到差不多所有的水都變成蒸汽消失。

Then the thick sugar-syrup is poured into cone- shaped moulds, where it cools. By the time that it is quite cool, the sugar has turned into tiny white solid pieces, called crystals. It is turned out of the moulds in the form of tall cones, which are called sugarloaves. The grocer breaks up these big loaves into small pieces, which he sells as lump-sugar.

然后把粘稠的糖漿, 倒進(jìn)圓錐形的模具里冷卻。完全冷卻以后, 糖就變成了細(xì)小的白色固體, 叫做“晶體”, 把糖從模具里倒出來(lái), 糖的形狀就變成了高高的圓錐形。食品商把這些大糖塊切成小塊兒, 當(dāng)做“方糖”來(lái)出售。

Sugar is made from the sweet juice of the beet-root in almost exactly the same way as from the sugar-cane. But the beet-roots are not crushed between rollers like the stems of the sugarcane. They are first cut up into slices, and then soaked in water to extract or draw out the juice.

用甜菜根的汁液制糖, 跟用甘蔗制糖, 方式差不多完全一樣。不過(guò), 甘蔗莖是要在滾筒之間碾碎的, 甜菜根并不用滾筒碾碎, 而是切成薄片, 浸在水里, 把汁液弄出來(lái), 或者叫“提取”出來(lái)。

You know that sugar is used for making jam, and cakes, and pastry, and all kinds of sweets, as well as for sweetening our tea and coffee.

小朋友知道, 糖可以用來(lái)做果醬、蛋糕、油酥糕點(diǎn), 做所有種類(lèi)的甜食, 還可以用來(lái)給茶和咖啡加上甜味。

It is only of late years that sugar has become so cheap that every one can afford to use plenty of it. Until about one hundred years ago, sugar was hardly ever used in this country. Before that time people used honey to sweeten things.

只是在最近, 糖的價(jià)錢(qián)才變得便宜起來(lái), 人人都可以買(mǎi)到足夠的糖了。大約在100年以前, 英國(guó)人還不怎么吃糖, 而是用蜂蜜來(lái)給食物加甜味。

 

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