LECTURE 100 基本動詞 HOLD 3

LECTURE 100 基本動詞 HOLD 3

詞組講解

1. hold out for sb. or sth. / hold out ***堅持要求

解 短語動詞；詞義溯源：堅持［到最后為止（out）］

例 The famous basketball player is reported refusing to play this season unless the team's owners agree to pay him a $1. 5 million bonus. A spokesman for the owners denied the rumor, but several anonymous sources within the team itself confirmed that the player is holding out for the bonus.

2. hold out the olive branch **提議停止紛爭，提出和解

解 習語；詞義溯源：拿出［橄欖枝（olive branch）］

例 The potential benefits of peace are so great that each side should be rushing to hold out the olive branch. Peace would give birth to an era of economic growth unmatched in the history of the region and rapidly bring both countries to the ranks of industrialized nations.

3. hold sb. accountable for sth. / hold sb. accountable **認為有責任；指責

解 習語；詞義溯源：堅持某人對某事［有責任（accountable）］

例 Investigator of the AmTrak accident that happened several days ago have yet to hold any AmTrak official accountable for the derailment, although they have noted several gross violations of safety standards that may have contributed to the tragedy.

4. hold sth. over one's head ***威脅，恐嚇

解 短語動詞；詞義溯源：在某人的［頭部（head）］［上方（over）］拿著某物

例 Lisa's the kind of girl who likes to keep her husband under her control by holding divorce over his head all the time. If she doesn't get what she wants or he does the slightest thing wrong, she starts talking about leaving him.

5. hold up sb. or sth. / hold sb. or sth. up as an example **把…當做好榜樣；舉出；展示

解 習語；詞義溯源：把某人或某物作為［榜樣、模范（example）］［向上（up）］支撐

例 White House officials are holding the Middle East peace agreement up as an example of their successful handling of foreign policy in response to Republican attacks on the President's performance.

鞏固練習

(A) holding out for

(B) hold out the olive branch

(C) hold accountable for

(D) hold...over our heads

(E) hold...up as an example

1. A: Why should we always be the ones who ______ first? B: We're a powerful nation. If we express a wish or make gestures of goodwill that show we want to make peace, it's viewed as something noble, not embarrassing.

2. A: I say let's not agree to any offer, no matter how good it is, until they offer us all ten days of guaranteed, fully-paid vacation. B: I agree the vacation is important and worth ______. However, I recommend accepting the latest offer and trying for the vacation next year.

3. A: You're just saying we should accept the offer because management has been threatening to close down the factory if we don't. Where's your courage, Vincent? Can't you see what they're doing? Every time we strike, they ______ this ______. We've got to be strong. We've got to show them we're not afraid of their threats. B: I'm afraid I can't agree with you—and neither can the majority of workers.

4. A: Don't try to assign responsibility for the boy's behavior to me! B: You're his guardian—who else can we ______ him?

5. A: Thomas is an exemplary young man who's done this school proud . We ought to ______ him ______ for all the other students to emulate. B: Yes, but let's not overdo it. I agree we should point to him as an example of a good student, but if we're not careful, the praise and recognition could go to his head .

■ ANSWER

1. (B)

2. (A)

3. (D)

4. (C)

5. (E)

參考譯文

I. 1. 據(jù)報道，這位著名籃球運動員本賽季拒絕出場，除非球隊老板同意支付150萬美元的獎金。球隊老板的發(fā)言人澄清了這一傳言，但球隊內(nèi)部不愿透露姓名的人士確認這名運動員堅持要求這筆獎金。

2. 由于和平將帶來很多可能的好處，雙方應(yīng)該盡快提出和解。和平將會使這一地區(qū)進入歷史上前所未有的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展時期，并快速使兩國步入工業(yè)化國家的行列。

3. 關(guān)于幾天前美國鐵路公司發(fā)生的事故，盡管調(diào)查人員已經(jīng)注意到有多項可能引起此次慘劇的嚴重違反安全標準的行為，但他們還是認為美國鐵路公司的任何官員都可能對此次列車脫軌的慘劇有責任。

4. 麗薩總喜歡用離婚來威脅她丈夫，以達到控制他的目的。如果她沒有得到想要的，或者他做了一點點錯事，她就開始說要離開他。

5. 白宮官員將中東和平協(xié)議作為他們成功執(zhí)行外交政策的例子，并以此回應(yīng)共和黨人對總統(tǒng)執(zhí)政業(yè)績的攻擊。

II. 1. A：為什么總是我們先提出和解？B：我們是一個強國。如果我們表達了希望和平的意愿或作出尋求和平的舉動，這將被視為高尚之舉，而不是尷尬之事。

2. A：我認為不論提出的條件有多好，我們都不能答應(yīng)，除非他們保證提供十天的帶薪假期。B：我也覺得假期非常重要，值得我們堅持。但是我建議我們接受最新的條件，明年再爭取假期。

3. A：就因為管理層威脅說如果我們不接受就關(guān)閉工廠，你就說我們要接受提議。你的勇氣哪去了，文森特？你不知道他們在做什么嗎？每次我們罷工的時候，他們都以此要挾。我們得強勢一點。我們得讓他們知道我們并不害怕他們的威脅。B：我恐怕不能同意你的想法——估計大多數(shù)工人都不會同意。

4. A：別想讓我為那小子的行為負責！B：你是他的監(jiān)護人——不然我們還能讓誰為他負責？

5. A：托馬斯是為學校爭光的典范。我們應(yīng)該把他樹立為全體學生學習的榜樣。B：是的，但是不要做得太過。我同意把他作為好學生樹立為榜樣，但是如果我們不夠小心的話，表揚和認可可能沖昏他的頭腦。