LECTURE 101 基本動(dòng)詞 HOLD 4

LECTURE 101 基本動(dòng)詞 HOLD 4

詞組講解

1. hold sth. against sb. ***指責(zé)；對(duì)…有成見(jiàn)

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：持有意見(jiàn)［逆著、反對(duì)（against）］某人

例 We will continue to hold their bad behaviors against them as long as they continue to avoid facing the truth that they were vicious aggressors who inflicted pain and suffering on us.

2. hold the fort **堅(jiān)守陣地；代管

解 〈口〉習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：堅(jiān)守［要塞、城池（fort）］；來(lái)源于西部電影

例 Tom, I'm going down to the supply warehouse to check on the inventory—could you hold the fort while I'm out? If anybody stops by or you get any phone calls, just handle them the best you can until I get back. It won't be long—maybe an hour and a half.

3. hold the line at sb. or sth. / hold the line **不超過(guò)限制；不掛斷電話(huà)

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：對(duì)于某人或某物維持［線(xiàn)、線(xiàn)路（line）］

例 Itold you to hold the line at 200 reporters attending the conference. We don't have enough space for more than that. Did my instructions just go in one ear and out the other ?!Damn, 349 reporters? We'll just have to cancel some of the invitations.

4. hold up / hold up sb. or sth. / hold sb. or sth. up ***維持；支撐；搶劫，掠奪；扣留

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：保持［向上（up）］

例 Government officials have decided not to replace Carson Bridge for at least another three years because of a lack of funds for the project. With necessary maintenance repairs, the top civil engineer estimates the bridge will hold up another five years.

5. hold your horses *耐心一些，別著急；鎮(zhèn)定

解 俚語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：抓住［你的（your）］［馬（horses）］；來(lái)源于西部電影

例 Oh, please!Just hold your horses!I'll have dinner ready in ten minutes. Now go watch TV and stop asking me every minute when dinner will be ready.

鞏固練習(xí)

(A) hold...against

(B) holds the fort

(C) hold the line at

(D) hold up

(E) Hold your horses

1. A: We need to have a standard operating policy that makes it clear at each level of the organization who takes care of business and handles all affairs while the person who's usually in charge is gone. B: I like it the way it is now. We don't have a standard policy—there's no need for it. Whoever's the most senior person left in the office ______ until the boss gets back.

2. A: If we fail to ______ $23 million...B: Don't worry—we will limit the costs to probably less than $20 million. If anything unexpected comes up , we'll still have $3 million to cover it.

3. A: I know he did some terrible things to you in the past, but you shouldn't let his past misdeeds cause you to treat him so harshly. B: You don't know how much pain he caused me, so you'll never understand why I'll ______ it ______ him for the rest of my life.

4. A: I've got the paint, brushes, buckets—I'm ready to paint! B: ______. Did you ask Mother if you could paint your room? A: No, but I'm sure it's okay—I don't have to wait. B: Well, I think you'd better hold on until she gets home and tells you it's okay.

5. A: When you buy a refrigerator, you expect it to last at least five years. B: Actually most will ______ for ten years if you take good care of them. So if yours is broken down already, it's the manufacturer's fault.

■ ANSWER

1. (B)

2. (C)

3. (A)

4. (E)

5. (D)

參考譯文

I. 1. 如果他們繼續(xù)否認(rèn)自已曾是邪惡的侵略者，給我們帶來(lái)痛苦和災(zāi)難的話(huà)，我們將繼續(xù)指責(zé)他們的惡劣行徑。

2. 湯姆，我要到下面的供應(yīng)倉(cāng)庫(kù)檢查一下庫(kù)存——我不在的時(shí)候，你能幫我頂一下班嗎？我回來(lái)之前如果有人過(guò)來(lái)，或者有電話(huà)，你就盡量解決吧。不會(huì)太久的，大約一個(gè)半小時(shí)。

3. 我跟你說(shuō)過(guò)要把參加會(huì)議的記者人數(shù)控制在200人以?xún)?nèi)。超過(guò)這個(gè)人數(shù)就沒(méi)有地方了。我的指示聽(tīng)完就忘了嗎？！該死，349名記者？我們得取消一些邀請(qǐng)了。

4. 由于項(xiàng)目缺少資金，政府官員決定至少三年內(nèi)不拆掉卡森大橋。高級(jí)土木工程師預(yù)測(cè)，如果進(jìn)行必要的維護(hù)，這座大橋可以再維持五年。

5. 拜托！耐心一點(diǎn)！再過(guò)十分鐘飯就好了。先去看看電視，別總是過(guò)一分鐘就問(wèn)一次飯什么時(shí)候好。

II. 1. A：我們需要一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)營(yíng)政策，明確規(guī)定當(dāng)負(fù)責(zé)人不在的時(shí)候，各級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)由誰(shuí)來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)處理業(yè)務(wù)和解決問(wèn)題。B：我喜歡現(xiàn)在這樣。我們沒(méi)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)政策，也沒(méi)有必要。在老板回來(lái)之前，公司里級(jí)別最高的人可以臨時(shí)代理。

2. A：如果我們無(wú)法控制在2300萬(wàn)美元…… B：別擔(dān)心，我們可能將成本限制在2000萬(wàn)美元以?xún)?nèi)。就算發(fā)生意外，我們還有300萬(wàn)美元可以用。

3. A：我知道他過(guò)去對(duì)你做過(guò)一些特別不好的事情，但是你不能因?yàn)樗^(guò)去的不良行為而對(duì)他如此苛刻。B：你不知道他給我?guī)?lái)了多大的痛苦，所以你永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)理解為什么我這輩子都會(huì)記恨他。

4. A：我有油漆、刷子和桶——我要開(kāi)始粉刷了！B：別著急。你有沒(méi)有問(wèn)媽媽你是否可以粉刷房間？A：沒(méi)有，但我確信沒(méi)有問(wèn)題——不用等了。B：我想你最好等她回來(lái)同意后再做。

5. A：買(mǎi)冰箱的時(shí)候，人們會(huì)希望它至少能用五年。B：實(shí)際上，如果使用時(shí)注意保養(yǎng)，大部分冰箱都可以用十年。所以，如果你的冰箱已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了故障，那就是制造商的問(wèn)題了。