104 復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式 Track 101
這種情況下,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式不能一概而論?;驹瓌t是:
1)若復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞表示的是復(fù)數(shù)概念,則顯然要接復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ);
2)若復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞表示的是單數(shù)概念,或?qū)⑵淇闯梢粋€(gè)整體,則用單數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)。
這樣說(shuō)來(lái),在這種情況下,我們主要采用意義一致的原則來(lái)判斷主謂一致。
(1)常見(jiàn)的表示成對(duì)概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式
此類(lèi)常見(jiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞有:
pants trousers scissors scales(天平)
glasses binoculars(雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡) spectacles(護(hù)目鏡)
但這類(lèi)名詞前若有A pair of修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式(詳見(jiàn)第106小節(jié))。
(2)形式上是復(fù)數(shù) (詞尾有s)但表示單數(shù)概念的詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式
works(工廠(chǎng)) gallows(絞刑架) politics
statistics measles diabetes
例句
a. Politics is often a popular topic among people.
b. Statistics is a science.
但若politics,statistics不表示學(xué)科,而分別表示“政治觀(guān)點(diǎn)”和“統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)”,則作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例句
a. Statistics prove that…
b. What are your politics?
c. As far as I am concerned, his politics are rather conservative compared with other politicians’.
(3)表示時(shí)間、重量、數(shù)額的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),我們通常將它們看成一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式
a. Ten years is a moment in history.
b. One hundred dollars is a large sum for the poor.
c. Two tons is enough.
d. The difference between America and England is: the English think 100 miles is a long distance and Americans think 100 years is a long time.
值得注意的是,大于“1”的“數(shù)詞”單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ),表示人或物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
e. Ten were killed, five were missing and several were severely wounded in thataccident .
f.Few know the fact
(4)復(fù)數(shù)的專(zhuān)有名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)均用復(fù)數(shù)形式
a. The Himalayas are the roof of the world.
b. The Great Lakes are a series of five lakes between the USA and Canada.
c. The Niagara Falls are the falls on the Niagara River.
不過(guò),較特殊的比如the United Nations,the United States均看作一個(gè)整體,故作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。