105 當(dāng)兩個(gè)名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)作并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式　Track 102

（1）由and連接的多個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若表示一種事物或一種概念，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式；若表示的是多個(gè)不同的概念，則謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式
例句
a. The writer and translator is delivering a speech in our college tonight.
（此處writer和translator是指同一個(gè)人）
b. The writer and the translator are delivering a speech in our college tonight. （此處writer和translator指兩個(gè)人）
c. The tenth and last lesson is translated by him. （同一課）
d. The tenth and the last lesson are translated by him. （不同的兩課）
e. A black and a white dog are playing in the yard. （兩只狗）
f.A black and white dog is playing in the yard. （一只狗）
g. The assistant and graduate student______check the exercise books.
A.help
B.helping
C.helps
D.to help
正確答案：C。
h. Sound, heat and light are different forms of energy.
（2）若and連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)，且and后的名詞有相關(guān)的副詞（not，perhaps，particularly，even，too，likewise，as well等）修飾，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與and前面的名詞保持一致。因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)句子真正的主語(yǔ)是and前面的名詞，and與前面的名詞之間常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)
例句
a. The horse, not the donkey, is used in games of racing.
b. Tom, and not Jim, has gone there.
c. That the sun and not the Earth is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.
d. Jack, and perhaps Williams, has been there.
e. The film, and particularly the special effects, is liked by many people.
f.His parents, and particularly Jack, are fond of this music.
（3）兩個(gè)表示不同物質(zhì)的名詞，雖由and連接，但習(xí)慣上此兩樣?xùn)|西常常被同時(shí)使用，這時(shí)我們將二者看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)仍用單數(shù)形式
例句
a. Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast.
b. Apple pie and ice cream is the favorite dessert of many people.
c. The fork and knife is hard for me to use.
d. That cup and saucer is made from a kind of rare porcelain.
e. A needle and thread is what he needs now.
（4）or連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)形式與和or鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致
例句
a. He or I am to go.
b. Her sisters or his brother has a hobby of collecting stamps.
c. John, Mike, or Noriko drives Paula to work each morning.
d. An erupting volcano or an earthquake sometimes affects the feature of the surrounding region and can even cause lakes to disappear.
（5）every…and (every)… / each…and (each)… / any…and (any)… / no…and (no）… / many a…and（many a)…連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式
例句
a. Every hour and every minute is important.
b. Every man, woman and child is an important being.
c. Every boy and girl has to have his hair neatly combed. （用his作物主代詞）
d. Many a man and (many a) woman has wished he or she had had a better education.
e. Here is a message of importance to every man and woman who______.
A.votes
B.vote
C.voting
D.are voting
正確答案：A。
（6）在either…or… / not only…but also… / neither…nor…句型中，謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)與or / but (also) / nor后面的名詞一致
例句
a. Not only the students but also their teacher is required to attend the meeting.
b. Not only their teacher but also the students are required to attend the meeting.
（7）在“主語(yǔ)+ with / together with / along with / as well as / as much as / including / in addition to / added to / except / besides / rather than / accompanied by + 另一主語(yǔ)” 的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)形式與第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持人稱和數(shù)的一致
例句
a. Mary, along with her sisters, attends the sessions regularly.
b. The students as well as the teacher are required to attend the meeting.
c. I, as well as they, am ready to help you.