口譯練習(xí)：練習(xí)參考答案

所屬教程:簡明英語口譯教程

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2020年06月29日

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英譯漢

由于有中國和印度這兩個人口大國，亞洲已成為世界60億人中大多數(shù)人的家園，而非洲則是世界第二人口大陸。聯(lián)合國人口基金組織1998人口增長的報(bào)告說，亞洲有35億人口。人口最多的是中國，有12億，再加上香港的630萬。印度有97580萬人口。其次是印度尼西亞，有12590萬。再次是孟加拉國，有12400萬人口。

印度的人口增長率持續(xù)超過中國。預(yù)計(jì)到2025年，印度的人口將達(dá)到13億。

到2025年，亞洲的人口將達(dá)到47億。

根據(jù)聯(lián)合國人口基金組織的報(bào)告，非洲有77850萬居民。預(yù)計(jì)到2025年，非洲的人口將達(dá)到14億。

尼日利亞是非洲人口最多的國家，有12180萬居民，其后依次是：埃及，6570萬；埃

塞俄比亞，6210萬；剛果民主共和國，4920萬；南非, 4430萬。

預(yù)計(jì)到2025年, 也就是一代人以后，尼日利亞，剛果民主共和國和埃塞俄比亞的人口都將翻一番。

歐洲大陸有72940萬人口，其中俄羅斯有14720萬人，雖然俄國的人口增長率在下降，但目前仍是歐洲人口最多的國家。其次是德國，有824 0萬人。

根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的報(bào)道，歐洲是唯一人口負(fù)增長的洲。到2025年，歐洲的人口將下降到71000萬。

北美洲有30410萬人口，其中美國占27380萬。預(yù)計(jì)到2025年，北美洲的人口將達(dá)到36900萬。

漢譯英

Figures of the 2000 Population Census

The National Bureau of Statistics releases the result of the 2000 population census:

I. Total Population

China has a population of 1,295.33million. Of which:

The total population of the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (excluding Jinmen and Mazu islands of Fujian Province hereafter) and of servicemen of the mainland of China was 1,265.83 million.

The population of Hong Kong SAR was 6.78 million.

The population of Macao SAR was 440,000.

The population of Taiwan Province and of Jinmen, Mazu and a few other islands of Fujian Province was 22.28 million.

II. Population Growth.

Compared with the population of 1,133.68 million from the 1990 population census (with zero hour of July 1, 1990 as the reference time), the total population of the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and the servicemen of the mainland of China increased by 132.15 million persons, or 11.66 percent over the past 10 years and 4 months. The average annual growth was 12.79 million persons, or a growth rate of 1.07 percent.

III. Population of Family Households.

In the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China, there were 348.37 million family households with a population of 1,198.39 million persons. The average size of a family household was 3.44 persons, or 0.52 persons less as compared with the 3.96 persons of the 1990 population census.

Ⅳ. Sex Composition.

Of the people enumerated in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, 653.55 million persons or 51.63 percent were males; 612.28 million or 48.37 % females. The sex ratio (female=100) was 106---74.

Ⅴ. Age Composition.

Of the people enumerated in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, 289.79 million persons were in the age group of 0--14, accounting for 22.89 percent of the total population; 887.93 million persons in the age group of 15--64, accounting for 70.15 percent and 88.11 million persons in the age group of 65 and over, accounting for 6.96 percent. As compared with the results of the 1990 population census, the share of people in the age group of 0--14 was down by 4.80 percentage points, and that for people aged 65 and over was up by 1.39 percentage points.

Ⅵ. Composition of Ethnic Groups.

Of the people enumerated in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, 1,159.40 million persons or 91.59 percent were of Han ethnic group, and 106.43 million ethnic persons or 8.41 percent were of various minority ethnic groups. Compared with the 1990 population census, the population of Han people increased by 116.92 million persons, or 11.22 percent, while the population of various minority ethnic groups increased by 15.23 million persons, or 16.70 percent.

Ⅶ. Composition of Educational Attainment.

Of the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, 45.71 million persons had finished university education (referring to junior college and above); 141.09 million persons had received senior secondary education (including secondary technical school education); 429.89 million persons had received junior secondary education and 451.91 million persons had primary education (the educated persons included graduated and students in schools).

Compared with the 1990 population census, the following changes have taken place in the number of people with various educational attainments per every 100,000 people: number of people with university education increased to 3,611 from 1,422; number of people with senior secondary education increased to 11,146 from 8,039; number of people with junior secondary education increased from 23,344 to 33,961; and number of people with primary education decreased from 37,057 to 35,701.

Of the people enumerated in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, 85.07 million persons were illiterate (i.e. people over 15 years of age who cannot read or can read very little). Compared with the 15.88 percent of illiterate people in the 1990 population census, the proportion has dropped to 6.72 percent, or down by 9.16 percentage points.

Ⅷ. Urban and Rural Population.

In the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China, there were 455.94 million urban residents, accounting for 36.09 percent of the total population; and that of rural residents stood at 807.39 million, accounting for 63.91 percent. Compared with the 1990 population census, the proportion of urban residents rose by 9.86 percentage points.