助動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語,幫助實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及構(gòu)成否定或疑問等結(jié)構(gòu)。常用的助動(dòng)詞有be,do,does,did,have,has,had,will,shall,would,should等。
助動(dòng)詞be
助動(dòng)詞be主要有am,is,are,was,were五種形式,與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
I am reading a story book. 我正在看故事書。
Sarah is drawing a picture. 莎拉正在畫畫。
Tom was looking out of the window. 湯姆那時(shí)在往窗外看。
助動(dòng)詞do
助動(dòng)詞do主要有do,does,did三種形式。
與動(dòng)詞原形連用構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句,還可以構(gòu)成簡(jiǎn)略回答。
What do you like ? 你喜歡什么?
Does she like music? 她喜歡音樂嗎?
Yes,she does . 是的,她喜歡。
助動(dòng)詞have
助動(dòng)詞have主要有have,has兩種形式,與過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
Have you been to Disneyland? 你去過迪士尼樂園嗎?
Jim has been to China twice. 吉姆去過中國兩次。
I haven't done my homework. 我還沒做完作業(yè)。
助動(dòng)詞will/would, shall/should
助動(dòng)詞will,shall用于構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí),would,should用于構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí);shall,should主要用第一人稱,will,would可用于一切人稱。
We will meet at the bus station. 我們將在車站見。
Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this summer. 或許今年夏天我將去英格蘭旅行。
特別提示
1.will,would,shall,should除了表示將來時(shí)間以外,更多的是作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
2.shall,should用于第一人稱表示將來時(shí),在口語中常被will,would替代。
一、用正確的be動(dòng)詞填空。
1.—What's the weather like?
—It _______(is, are) cloudy.
2.—Look at the boys. __________(Are, Is) they your brothers?
—Yes, they are.
3.—The crayons __________(are, aren't) on the table.
They are under the table.
4.—__________(Is, Are) it a cat?
—No, it isn't.
5.—__________(Are, Is) your mother a doctor?
—Yes, she is.
二、從括號(hào)里選擇正確的動(dòng)詞形式填空。
1.He __________ have classes in the morning.( don't/doesn't)
2.Lily and Lucy __________ good friends.(is/are)
3.__________ you finished your paper?(Has/Have)
4.He __________ have classes in the morning.( don't/doesn't)
5.__________ she watch TV every day?(Does/Do)
三、按要求完成下列句子。
1.We went to the U.S. last month.(變成一般疑問句)
2.Does he like apple juice?(作肯定回答)
3.She made a poster last night.(變成否定句)
4.Do you have a dog?(作否定回答)
5.They bought some key rings for us in Mexico.(對(duì)畫線部分提問)
一、1.is
2.Are
3.a(chǎn)ren't
4.Is
5.Is
二、1.doesn't
2.a(chǎn)re
3.Have
4.doesn't
5.Does
三、1.Did you go to the U.S. last month?
2.Yes, he does.
3.She didn't make a poster last night.
4.No, I don't.
5.What did they buy for us in Mexico?
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