補(bǔ)全短文分析 如何運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)？

補(bǔ)全短文分析 如何運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)？

解題思路

補(bǔ)全短文試題要求快速瀏覽原文，不要精讀，故標(biāo)點(diǎn)作為具有其獨(dú)特意義的特殊文字符號(hào)毫無疑問為考生提供了明顯的解題線索，那么應(yīng)該如何正確解讀標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)背后的秘密呢？

由于做題時(shí)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)最多的是句號(hào)，故看句號(hào)解題較難，我們主要從特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)上尋找線索。特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)包括：

1．引號(hào)句。選項(xiàng)中如果有引號(hào)句出現(xiàn)，空格周圍可能會(huì)有引號(hào)句出現(xiàn)，故此項(xiàng)多填在含有相應(yīng)引號(hào)句的段落。

2．問號(hào)句：包括一般疑問句和特殊疑問句。第一，若選項(xiàng)中有一般疑問句，一般會(huì)考排比句，即空格的前后均有一般疑問句時(shí)，此處多填選項(xiàng)中的一般疑問句。第二，針對(duì)特殊疑問句，首先要抓特殊疑問句的主語，若主語是名詞或名詞短語時(shí)，答語一般是代詞；選項(xiàng)如果是用why來問的，答語則一般會(huì)有以下表原因的詞語：because, because of, owing to, due to, reason, cause。

［溫馨提示］

若一個(gè)選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)兩個(gè)空格時(shí)（即這個(gè)選項(xiàng)可能滿足兩個(gè)空格的要求時(shí)），就看選項(xiàng)中的單詞與哪個(gè)空格周圍的單詞重復(fù)得多，重復(fù)多的為正確答案。選項(xiàng)中若有I, We時(shí)，先代入原文，看是不是以第一人稱進(jìn)行寫作的，如果不是，它只能出現(xiàn)在引號(hào)句中。

接下來就讓我們通過例題實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下。

真題回放

Coffee Is "Health Drink"

It is a daily routine for millions of Italians—the morning cup of espresso brewed on the kitchen hob or downed swiftly in a cafe on the way to work.

But for years their favourite way of kick-starting the day has had a bad press—　46

Now it seems the tide is turning. Forget the scare stories, says dietician Chiara Trombetti.

47

Coffee can be good for you—the stronger, the better. Coffee contains tannin and antioxidants, which are good for the heart and arteries, Dr Trombetti says.

It can relieve headaches.　48　—and can help prevent cirrhosis and gallstones. And the caffeine in coffee can reduce the risk of asthma attacks—and help improve circulation within the heart.

There is no denying that coffee is not for everyone. If you drink too much it can increase nervousness, and cause rapid heartbeat and trembling hands.

49

And even Dr. Trombetti says no one should drink more than three or four cups a day.

　50　But Dr. Trombetti is adamant that a cup of milky coffee could make the ideal start for the next generation of coffee lovers—Italy's drowsy school kids—stimulating their brains ahead of a day that often lasts from 08:30 until 16:00.

A. All of us are advised not to drink coffee any more.

B. Pregnant women, heart patients, and anyone with a stomach ulcer are usually advised to avoid it.

C. most recently when it was reported that doctors had told British Prime Minister Tony Blair to drink less coffee.

D. Many parents might be horrified at the thought.

E. There is sound scientific reason to enjoy your morning espresso without worrying about the health effects.

F. It is good for the liver.

［答案解析］

46．C。［解析］對(duì)比選項(xiàng)，A、B、C意思相近，選項(xiàng)D描述比較消極，E、F是表明咖啡的好處，建議食用。觀察空格處的特點(diǎn)，在破折號(hào)后面，一般起解釋說明的作用，即破折號(hào)前面內(nèi)容一般是總述，后面一般是補(bǔ)充說明的分述。前一句話中關(guān)鍵詞是bad, had a bad press意為“有負(fù)面報(bào)道”，故可以推測(cè)出下一句的內(nèi)容與少喝咖啡有關(guān)，故答案為C。

47．E。［解析］聯(lián)系上下文，第三段提到the tide is turning，說明人們對(duì)咖啡的看法在往好的方面轉(zhuǎn)變，故答案從E、F中選擇，F(xiàn)不能起到過渡的作用，故答案為E。

48．F。［解析］該題是在破折號(hào)前，起總述作用，可根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面內(nèi)容判斷此處答案。其中cirrhosis and gallstones（肝硬化和膽結(jié)石）正好與F中的liver對(duì)應(yīng)，故答案為F。

49．B。［解析］該空格為獨(dú)立段落，故需聯(lián)系上下文確定答案。第七段在敘述咖啡的缺點(diǎn)，而倒數(shù)第二段建議每天適當(dāng)?shù)仫嬘每Х?，只有B選項(xiàng)起到了過渡的作用。

50．D。［解析］該空格處后緊跟but，說明空格處和最后一段中后面的內(nèi)容是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后面表述的是：一杯牛奶咖啡對(duì)于下一代咖啡愛好者的重要性，是正面的意思，故空格處應(yīng)為消極或否定的內(nèi)容。故答案為D。

［溫馨提示］

雖然句號(hào)和逗號(hào)太過平庸，不易在它們的身上找到隱藏的信息，但是我們可以從它們自身的意義上推理句際間的關(guān)系。句號(hào)表示一個(gè)句子的終結(jié)，故下一個(gè)新的句子若與前句有關(guān)則會(huì)連接不同的連接詞，如but, then, thus, consequently等。逗號(hào)除了可以表達(dá)并列兩個(gè)句子外，還可以提示補(bǔ)語、定語等。故在遇到句號(hào)和逗號(hào)時(shí)，也可以簡(jiǎn)單地推理句際關(guān)系。

［經(jīng)典范例］

A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and　4　. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain.

A. to play an important role in newspaper operations

B. was the growth of telegraph services

C. and they usually enjoy great prestige

D. they are usually operated by a single owner

E. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs

F. owned by a single person or organization

［答案解析］空格前為逗號(hào)，緊接著出現(xiàn)了并列連詞and，說明所填充的句子與Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers形成并列關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中A和E都不是獨(dú)立的句子，B、F時(shí)態(tài)和形式均不符合，C選項(xiàng)中含有and，與原文重復(fù)，故D選項(xiàng)正確。