補(bǔ)全短文分析 哪些前后呼應(yīng)要留意？

補(bǔ)全短文分析 哪些前后呼應(yīng)要留意？

解題思路

補(bǔ)全短文題目不是單純考語法，多數(shù)題目都是為了考查考生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。故必須選那些符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)并能使上下文意義連貫的選項(xiàng)。做補(bǔ)全短文題要始終抓住文章本身，不能只看只言片語、斷章取義，要聯(lián)系上下文，不但要使前后句子連貫通順，還必須借助常用的連詞、副詞和一些固定詞組來判斷、分析，確保語法結(jié)構(gòu)（主謂一致，語態(tài)，從句的連接詞，代詞的性、數(shù)、格，動詞的謂語、非謂語形式等）、語意、情感的正確性。

接下來讓我們以真題為例感受一下如何做到前后呼應(yīng)：

真題回放

A Heroic Woman

The whole of the United States cheered its latest hero, Ashley Smith, with the Federal Bureau of Investigation saying it was planning to give a big reward to her for having a brave heart and wise mind.

　46　She was moving into her apartment in Atlanta, Georgia early on the morning of March 12, when a man followed her to her door and put a gun to her side. "I started walking to my door, and I felt really, really afraid," she said in a TV interview last week. The man was Brian Nichols, 33. He was suspected of killing three people at an Atlanta courthouse on March 11 and later of killing a federal agent.　47

Nichols tied Smith up with tape, but released her after she repeatedly begged him not to take her life. "I told him if he hurt me, my little girl wouldn't have a mummy," she said. In order to calm the man down, she read to him from The Purpose Driven Life, a best-selling religious book. He asked her to repeat a paragraph "about what you thought your purpose in life was—what talents were you given."　48

I basically just talked to him and tried to gain his trust, Smith said.

Smith said she asked Nichols why he chose her. "He said he thought I was an angel sent from God, and we were Christian sister and brother," she said. "And that he was lost, and that God led him to me to tell him that he had hurt a lot of people."　49　She said Nichols was surprised when she made him breakfast and that the two of them watched television coverage of the police hunt for him. "I cannot believe that's me," Nichols told the woman. Then, Nichols asked Smith what she thought he should do. She said, "I think you should turn yourself in. If you don't, lots more people are going to get hurt."

Eventually, he let her go.　50　A $60,000 rewards had been posted for Nichols' capture. Authorities said they did not yet know if Smith would be eligible for that money.

A. The local police were searching for him.

B. Smith is a 26-year-old single mother with a daughter.

C. Smith tried very hard to kill Nichols.

D. She even cooked breakfast for the man before he allowed her to leave.

E. And the two of them discussed this topic.

F. Then she called the police.

［答案解析］

46．B。［解析］C中的Nichols在前文中沒有呼應(yīng)的內(nèi)容（姓名的全名），故判斷C不正確，B是答案。

47．A。［解析］A中的him與空格前句中的he呼應(yīng)，而空格前句中的courthouse與A中的the local police是主題相關(guān)詞，故A是答案。

48．E。［解析］空格前句中的he和her正好與選項(xiàng)E中的the two of them（他們兩個(gè)）呼應(yīng)，空格前句中的paragraph與E中的topic構(gòu)成主題相關(guān)詞。

49．D。［解析］D中的she與空格后句中的she呼應(yīng)，D中的breakfast與空格后句中的breakfast呼應(yīng)。

50．F。［解析］空格前句與F在句意上自然銜接。

［溫馨提示］

前后呼應(yīng)不僅僅是對表面句意以及語法的呼應(yīng)，同時(shí)也應(yīng)該注意句際間隱藏含義的呼應(yīng)。大家要緊密聯(lián)系“雙語境”進(jìn)行判斷，即大語境——全文中心和基調(diào)與小語境——空格前后所構(gòu)成的語意環(huán)境，再根據(jù)前有伏筆、后有呼應(yīng)的思路做題。